Immunology

Question 0

Mucociliary escalator

Answer 0

Cilia that transports mucus and foreign material out if the respiratory tract

Question 1

Non-specific immunity

Answer 1

General mechanisms that defend the body against foreign invaders

Question 2

Competitive inhibition

Answer 2

Normal bacteria occupy the space that pathogenic bacteria would use

Question 3

Pus

Answer 3

Dead white blood cells and the ingested foreign materials dissolved into a liquid

Question 4

Specific immunity

Answer 4

Unique reactions to destroy specific invaders

Question 5

B lymphocyte

Answer 5

Lymphocytes that originate in the bone marrow and remain and mature in the bone marrow

Question 6

T lymphocyte

Answer 6

Lymphocytes that originate in the bone marrow and travel by blood and mature in the thymus

Question 7

Lymphoid tissue

Answer 7

Tissue that contain mature and circulating lymphocytes, including tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen, appendix, and peyer’s patches

Question 8

Antigen

Answer 8

A specific molecule on a foreign invader that initiates an immune response

Question 9

Cell mediated immunity

Answer 9

T cells circulate through blood and lymph to locate affected cells

Question 10

Humoral immunity

Answer 10

B cells reside in lymphoid tissues and produce antibodies that circulate trough blood and lymph

Question 11

Plasma cell

Answer 11

An activated B cell that produces antibodies

Question 12

Antibodies

Answer 12

Immunoglobulins; proteins that bind to the antigens on microorganisms, toxins, or other foreign chemicals

Question 13

Neutralization

Answer 13

Attachment of antibodies directly to a microorganism or toxin so that it can not infect or damage body cells

Question 14

Agglutination

Answer 14

Antibodies connect microorganisms or toxins into a clump that can be phagocytosed by neutrophils or macrophages

Question 15

Mucosal immunity

Answer 15

IgA defends against infectious agents at mucous membranes before the agents enter the body

Question 16

Passive immunity

Answer 16

Immunity produced by the introduction of performed antibody into the body

Question 17

Trans placental antibodies

Answer 17

Antibodies produced by the mother and passed directly across the placenta into the fetal blood

Question 18

Colostrum

Answer 18

Antibodies produced by the mother and passed to the newborn in milk

Question 19

Hyper immune plasma

Answer 19

Plasma from a donor that has been treated to produce a very high level of a specific antibody against a specific pathogen or toxin

Question 20

Active immunity

Answer 20

Immunity produced by the introduction of an antigen into the body in order to create immunologic memory to that antigen

Question 21

Virulent

Answer 21

Disease causing

Question 22

Attenuated

Answer 22

Weakened

Question 23

Failure of passive transfer FPT

Answer 23

Immunodeficiency that results when a goal or calf does not receive adequate colostrum

Question 24

Antihistamines

Answer 24

Drugs that prevent the release of histamines from mast cells

Question 25

Contact dermatitis

Answer 25

Rash caused by skin contact with foreign substance

Question 26

Activation immunotherapy

Answer 26

Prevention or treatment of disease by inducing or enhancing an immune response

Question 27

Suppression immunotherapy

Answer 27

Treatment of disease by suppressing an immune response

Question 28

Vaccination

Answer 28

The intentional introduction of specific antigens into the body in order to create immunologic memory to that antigen