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Immunosuppressants and Drug Endings Flashcards

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1
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Immunosuppressants

A 
Cyclosporine
Tacrolimus (FK-506)
Sirolimus (rapamycin)
Azathioprine
Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)
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2
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Cyclosporine

A
  1. Post-transplant immunosuppression; select autoimmune disorders
  2. Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks differentiation and activation of Tcells–> inhibiting calcineurin–> preventing production of IL-2 and its receptor
  3. Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, tremor, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism
  4. Think old man with diabetes who wants to look good for his date so he put in dentures and got hair plugs: old (renal failure, HTN, cholesterol), diabetes (hyperglycemia), dentures (gum hyperplasia), hair plugs (hirsutism, and he is taking the drug because of his hair transplant)
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3
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Tacrolimus (FK-506)

A
  1. Post- organ transplant immunosuppression; POTENT
  2. Binds to FK protein->inhibiting calcineurin->preventing IL-2
  3. Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, tremor
  4. Think old with diabetes who is nervous because he is super sick: old (renal failure, HTN, cholesterol), diabetes (hyperglycemia), nervous (tremor), super sick (strong immunosuppressant)
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4
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Sirolimus (rapamycin)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant (Give with cyclosporine); used with drug-eluting stents
  2. Inhibits mTOR. Decreased cell proliferation in response to IL-2
  3. Hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
  4. SIROlimus= SERIOUS complications: immunosuppression
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5
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Azathioprine

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant; autoimmune disorders (including glomerulonephritis and hemolytic anemia)
  2. Antimetabolite. Blocks 6-mercaptopurine synth-> decreased synthesis of nucleic acids. Toxic to proliferating lymphocytes.
  3. Bone marrow suppression.
  4. Active metabolite (mercaptopurine) is metabolized by xanthine oxidase so more toxic when given with allopurinol
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6
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant
  2. Monoclonal antibody to CD3 on T-cells. Blocks interaction with CD3 responsible for T-cell signal transduction
  3. Cytokine release syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction
  4. Antibodies= hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity= cytokine release
    - nab= monocolonal antibody therapy (usually)
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8
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Recombinant Cytokines

A 
Aldesleukin (interleukin-2)
Epoetin alfa (erythropoietin)
Filgrastim (CSF-G)
Sargramostim (CSF-GM)
Alpha-Interferon
Beta-Interferon
Gamma-Interferon
Oprelvekin (interleukin-11)
Thrombopoietin
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9
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Aldesleukin

A
  1. Renal cell carcinoma
    Metastatic Melanoma
  2. Cytokine: Interleukin-2
    MOA: increases helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells
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10
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Epoetin alfa

A
  1. Anemias (esp in renal failure)
  2. Cytokine: Erythropoietin
    MOA: Stimulates Erythrocyte replication
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11
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Filgrastim

A
  1. Recovery of bone marrow

2. GM-CSF (Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor)

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12
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Sargramostim (CSF-GM)

A
  1. Recovery of bone marrow

2. GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor)

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13
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Alpha-Interferon

A 
1. Hepatitis B and C
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Leukemia
Malignant Melanoma
2. Inhibit viral protein synthesis and activates NK cells to kill virally infected cells
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14
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Beta-Interferon

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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15
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Gamma-Interferon

A
  1. Chronic Granulomatous disease
  2. Activates macrophages and Th1 cells
    Suppresses Th2 cells.
  3. (G)amma = (G)ranulomatous
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16
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Oprelvekin

A
  1. Thrombocytopenia

2. IL-11

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17
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Thrombopoietin

A

Thrombocytopenia

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19
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Theraputic Antibodies

A 
Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3
Digoxin Immune Fab
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Abciximab
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
Rituximab
Omalizumab
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20
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant
  2. Monoclonal antibody to CD3 on T-cells. Blocks interaction with CD3 responsible for T-cell signal transduction
  3. Cytokine release syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction
  4. Antibodies= hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity= cytokine release
    - nab= monocolonal antibody therapy (usually)
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21
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Digoxin Immune Fab

A

Target: Digoxin
Use: Antidote for Digoxin toxicity

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22
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Infliximab

Study These Flashcards
A

Target: TNF-alpha
Use: Crohn’s Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis

23
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Adalimumab

Study These Flashcards
A

Target: TNF-alpha
Use: Crohn’s Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis

24
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Abciximab

Study These Flashcards
A

Target: Glycoprotien IIb/IIIa
Use: Prevent cardiac ischemia in unstable angina and patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention
MOA: Prevents platelet aggregation by inhibiting the platelet-GIIb/IIIa-fibrinogen bonds

25
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

Study These Flashcards
A

Target: HER2
Use: HER2 overexpressing breast cancer

26
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Rituximab

Study These Flashcards
A

Target: CD20
Use: B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

27
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note Omalizumab
Target: IgE Use: Additional treatment for severe asthma
30
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -azole
Antifungal | Ex: Ketoconazole
31
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -cillin
Penicillin | Ex: Methicillin
32
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -cycline
Antibiotic, protein synthesis inhibitor | Ex: Tetracycline
33
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -navir
Antibiotic, protease inhibitor | Ex: Saqyubavir
35
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -triptan
5-HT 1B/1D agonists (for migranes) | Ex: Sumatriptan
36
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -ane
Inhalational general anesthetic | Ex: Halothane
37
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -caine
Local anesthetic | Ex: Lidocaine
38
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -operidol
Butyrophenone (neuroleptic) | Ex: Haloperidol
39
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -azine
Phenothiazine (neuroleptic, antiemetic) | Ex: Chlorpromazine, compazine
40
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -barbital
Barbituate | Ex: Phenobarbital
41
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -zolam
Benzodiazepine | Ex: Alprazolam
42
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -azepam
Benzodiazepine | Ex: Diazepam
43
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -etine
SSRI | Ex: Fluoxetine
44
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -ipramine
TCA | Ex: Imipramine
45
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -triptyline
TCA | Ex: Amitriptyline
47
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -olol
B-antagonist | Ex: Propranolol
48
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -terol
B2-agonist | Ex: Albuterol
49
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -zosin
Alpha1-antagonist | Ex: Prazosin
51
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -oxin
``` Cardiac glycoside (inotropic agent) Ex: Digoxin ```
52
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -pril
ACE inhibitor | Ex: Captopril
53
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -afil
Erectile Dysfunction | Ex: Sildenafil
55
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -tropin
Pituitary hormone | Ex: Somatotropin
56
# 1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note -tidine
H2 antagonist | Ex: Cimetidine

All the Drugs (17 decks)

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