Impact Of Skill Classification On Structure Of Practice For Learning

Question 1

What are the three methods of presenting practice

Answer 1

Whole
Whole part whole
Progressive part

Question 2

What is whole method

Answer 2

The skill is presented in its entirety and not broken down into parts

Question 3

What are the advantages of whole

Answer 3

Kinaesthesis is developed
Not time consuming
Fluency between subroutines are maintained
Creates a clear mental image
AIDS understanding

Question 4

What are some disadvantages of whole

Answer 4

Not ideal for cognitive learners
Can cause information overload and fatigue
Must be physically capable of producing the full swing

Question 5

Give examples of method

Answer 5

Golf swing
Cycling
Forward roll
Tennis serve

Question 6

Explain what whole part whole is

Answer 6

The learner attempts the full skill, the each subroutine is practised in isolation before being added back into the entire skill

Question 7

What are the advantages of whole part whole

Answer 7

Kinaesthesis is maintained in the whole
Weak parts can be improved on
Fluency between the subroutines are maintained in the whole
Confidence and motivation increases due to success which is seen in the subroutines

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of whole part whole

Answer 8

Time consuming
Can’t use with highly organised skills
Kinaesthesis can lack if not interpreted back into the whole skill quickly

Question 9

Give examples of whole part whole

Answer 9

Front crawl
Introduce the full stroke
Note the arm action is weak, practice arm action in isolation
Whole, add the arm back in

Question 10

Explain what progressive part is

Answer 10

The first subroutine is practised until perfect, then the rest of the part are added until the whole sequence can be performed

Question 11

Give examples of progressive part

Answer 11

Triple jump
Teach the hop
Teach the step
Practice the hop and step together
Teach jump
Practice hop step and jump

Question 12

What are the advantages of progressive part

Answer 12

Reduces change of fatigue
Aids understand of each part
Confidence and motivation increase as success is seen in each part
Danger is reduced

Question 13

What are the disadvantages of progressive part

Answer 13

Very time consuming
Can’t use with highly organised skills
The Kinaesthesis is impacted as it is not felt until the very end

Question 14

When should you use whole

Answer 14

If the skill is highly organised
Continuous
Simple
Discrete
Fast
And it’s not dangerous

Question 15

What stage should the performer be in for whole

Answer 15

Autonomous

Question 16

What stage should the performer be in for whole part whole

Answer 16

Cognitive and autonomous

Question 17

What stage should the performer be in for progressive part

Answer 17

Cognitive

Question 18

When should you use whole part whole

Answer 18

If the skill is fast and complex

Question 19

When should you use progressive part

Answer 19

If the skill has low organisation
Serial
Complex
Dangerous

Question 20

What are the 4 types of practice

Answer 20

Massed
Distributed
Variable
Mental

Question 21

Explain massed practice

Answer 21

Continuous practice without rest

Question 22

Explain distributed practise

Answer 22

Practice with rest periods included

Question 23

Explain variable practice

Answer 23

Practising skills and drills in a constantly changing environment

Question 24

Explain mental practice

Answer 24

Going over a skill in the mind without moving

Question 25

What are the two types of mental practice

Answer 25

Internal and external

Question 26

Explain internal mental practice

Answer 26

Seeing the performance through your own eyes

Question 27

Explain external mental practice

Answer 27

Seeing the skill from outside as a spectator

Question 28

When should massed practise be used

Answer 28

When the skill is discrete, closed, self paced and simple When the performer is highly motivated, physically fit and in the autonomous stage of learning

Question 29

When should distributed practice be used

Answer 29

When the skill is open, externally paced, dangerous, low organisation, serial, complex and continuous When the performer is cognitive, unfit, lacking motivation

Question 30

When should variable practice be used

Answer 30

When the skill is open, externally paced, complex When the performer is cognitive and lacking motivation

Question 31

When should mental practice be used

Answer 31

When the skill is complex and serial When the performer is cognitive to build a clear image When the performer is autonomous to focus on key skill and strategies

Question 32

What are the advantages of massed practice

Answer 32

It overlearns the skill so it becomes a habit The motor programmes are formed It improves fitness

Question 33

What are the advantages of distributed practice

Answer 33

Allows time for recovery Motivational Coach can give feedback

Question 34

What are the advantages of variable practice

Answer 34

Develops a schéma Increases motivation Positive transfer from training to a game situation

Question 35

What are the advantages of mental practice

Answer 35

Produces a clear mental image Performers can see themselves be successful Can rehearse strategies Reduces anxiety Muscles are stimulated Improves reaction time

Question 36

What are the disadvantages of massed practice

Answer 36

Causes fatigue No time for feedback

Question 37

What are the disadvantages of distributed practice

Answer 37

Time consuming Can cause negative transfer

Question 38

What are the disadvantages of variable practice

Answer 38

Time consuming Can cause fatigue Possibility of informational overload

Question 39

What are the disadvantages of mental practice

Answer 39

Hard for cognitive performers to complete effectively Mental image must be accurate Difficult if the environment is not quiet

Question 40

Give an example of massed practice

Answer 40

A trampolinist repeatedly practising seat drops for it to become a habit

Question 41

Give an example of distributed practice

Answer 41

A 100m sprinter runs the race on track and then has a rest period where the image the running of the track

Question 42

Give an example of variable practice

Answer 42

In basketball when practising shots, throw from a different spot each time

Question 43

Give an example of mental practice

Answer 43

A footballer visualises them scoring the penalty before taking it