Impression formation Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the first bit of information people use to form first impressions?
Physical appearance
This includes attractiveness, likeability, and perceived morality.
What effect describes the tendency to perceive attractive individuals more positively?
Halo effect
This effect can lead to leniency in judgments, such as in jury decisions.
What are the two universal dimensions people use to perceive others?
- Warmth
- Competence
What does the two-factor model (Fiske) identify as fundamental dimensions in social judgment?
- Trustworthiness
- Dominance
In social judgment, what does ‘morality’ refer to?
Intention
What does ‘competence’ indicate in the context of social judgment?
Capability to carry out intention
What does ‘sociability’ refer to in social judgment?
Will they be successful in recruiting allies to support their intentions
What was the main finding of Pagliaro et al. (2013) regarding impressions of a prospective boss?
Morality information determined the initial response
What did Brambilla et al. (2012) find regarding evaluations of unfamiliar social groups?
Global evaluations were better predicted by morality
What was the significance of Rule et al. (2010) in the context of voting behavior?
Personality traits are important and vary culturally
What did Gosling et al. find about strangers rating students’ bedrooms?
Ratings were similar to the students’ self-ratings
What does familiarity do to our perception of others?
Makes us feel more positively about them
What is salience in the context of first impressions?
Ability of a cue to attract attention in its context
What is the effect of exposure on first impressions as shown by Moreland and Zajonc?
Familiar faces were rated as more likeable
What is accessibility in the context of impression formation?
Ease and speed with which information comes to mind
What is priming in the context of social judgment?
Activation of a mental representation to increase its accessibility
What is the primacy effect?
Early encounters have a greater impact than subsequent information
What is confirmation bias?
Looking for information that conforms to the initial impression
Fill in the blank: The ability to attract attention in its context is called _______.
Salience
True or False: First impressions can be easily changed after they are formed.
False
What are the steps we take when faced with inconsistent information about someone?
- Spend more time thinking about unexpected behaviors
