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Flashcards in In vivo Analyses Deck (8)
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1
Q

What is observed during in vivo testing?

A
cytotoxicity
sensitization
system toxicity (acute)
chronic toxicity
implantation
hemocompatibility
carcinogenicity
reproductive and developmental toxicity
biodegradation
immune-response
2
Q

What is sensitization?

A

estimating potential adverse effects from contact with material, or extracts with material
must consider effects leachable
test various contact times (hours to months)
cutaneous (skin contact)
mucous membrane (oral tissue)
subcutaneous (intradermal transplantation)
assessing signs in inflammation

3
Q

What is the difference between chronic and acute system toxicity tests?

A

Acute: gives an estimate of potential harmful effects of single and multiple exposures during a 24hr period
Chronic: major lifespan of animal

4
Q

What is considered for hemocompatibility?

A
hemomorphology
hemolysis
clotting
complement activation
platelet and leukocyte count
thrombosis (clotting)
looking health and behavior of the blood
5
Q

What does implantation test?

A

Assesses the local pathological effects on living tissue
gross and microscopic level
sample of material is surgically implanted in appropriate site based on intended application
Short term (12 weeks) vs. long term (1-2) years
Assess tissue response at 1 and 4 weeks

6
Q

What does carcinogenicity test?

A

Tumorigenic potential
carried out over major portion of animal lifespan (at least two years)
only needed if data from other sources suggest carcinogenicity is an issue
done in random with implantation

7
Q

What does reproductive and developemental toxicity asses?

A

only needs to be conducted if the device has potential impact on the reproductive potential of subject
teratogenicity (prenatal and early post natal development)
Looks at the offspring rather than the mother

8
Q

When are in vivo test performed?

A

Only when a new material is designed, production method, how does it degrade
very costly, and lots of time needed