Individualism and Collectivism

Question 1

Research Pen

Answer 1

75% of time, Westerners took unique pen

East Asians and Japanese were more likely to take the common colored pen

Question 2

Universality and Self Esteem (SHORt ANswer)

Answer 2

The need for self esteem may not be universal.

-Western SE scores : negatively skewed meaning majority score higher than the median.
-Japan’East Asia : Normal distribution, fall in the middle.

North Americans have been shown to self enhance more so than East Asians

-Not as defensive to negative feedback, not as quick to put the blame externally.
-Westerners are more defensive, more preoccupation with boosting self esteem.
-More of an individualistic value.

All North Americans need to feel some sort of significance to feel value but individuals from collectivist cultures derive their self esteem in different ways.

Question 3

Etic Phenomenon and Emic Phenomenon

Answer 3

Etic is universal
Emic is domains in which we feel good.

E.g. self esteem is an Etic but the ways we do it is an Emic.