Infectious Diseases Flashcards by Bethany Norman

Antibiotics for respiratory infections

Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin if allergic or atypical

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Antibiotics for HAP presenting after 5 days

Piperacillin with tazobactam

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Antibiotics for urinary tract infections

UTI: trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin
Pyelonephritis/Prostatitis: Broad spectrum Quinolone / Cephalosporin

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Antibiotics for skin infections

Flucloxacillin or Co-amoxiclav

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1st line for MRSA

Vancomycin

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Antibiotics for ENT infections

Phenoxymethylpenicillin for throat
Amoxicillin/Flucloxacillin for ears

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Antibiotics for gonorrhoea

IM ceftriaxone
Oral cefixime + Azithromycin

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Antibiotics for chlamydia

Doxycycline

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Antibiotics for PID

IM ceftriaxone + Oral doxycycline + Oral metronidazole

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Antibiotics for syphilis

Benzylpenicillin

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Antibiotics for bacterial vaginosis

Metronidazole

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Antibiotics for GI infections

Ciprofloxacin
Clarithromycin for campylobacter

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Antibiotics for C. Diff

Vancomycin 1st then Fidaxomicin

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treatment of a UTI in pregnancy and breastfeeding

pregnancy: nitrofurantoin
breast feeding: trimethoprim

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watery stool, abdominal cramps and nausea in travellers with a 12-48 hour indubation

E.coli

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prolonged non bloody diarrhoea and lactose intolerance with a 7 day incubation

giardiasis

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profuse watery diarrhoea and dehydration causing weight loss which is rare in travellers

cholera

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bloody diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain with a 48-72 hour incubation

shigella

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severe vomiting with a short incubation of 1-6 hours

staph aureus

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flu prodrome followed by crampy abdominal pain, fever and bloody diarrhoea which mimics appendicitis and is associated with a 48-72 hour incubation period

campylobacter

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which bug is associated with guillian barre

campylobacter

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vomiting within 6 hours due to rice or diarrhoea after 6 hours

bacillus

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gradual onset of bloody diarrhoea, abdominal pain and tenderness for weeks with a 7 day incubation

amoebiasis

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abdominal pain, watery diarrhoea, possible perforation, systemic upset. ROSE spots on the abdomen, cough and recent travel with a 12-48 hour incubation

salmonella typhi
TYPHOID

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bloody diarrhoea, RUQ pain, fever and anchovy sauce liver appearance due to abscess

E. Histolytica

which clostridium infection causes pseudomembranous colitis after broad spectrum abx

C. difficle

which clostridium infection causes flaccid paralysis due to Ach blockage from canned foods or honey

C. botulinum

which clostridium infection causes spastic paralysis of the spinal cord

C. tenani

which clostridium infection causes gangrene, haemolysis and sepsis in T2DM

C. perfringes

antibiotic of choice for invasive and severe diarrhoea

ciprofloxacin

which antibody is produced early and late in the immune response

early = IgM late = IgG

URTI + amoxicillin causing a rash

Glandular Fever

which organism causes bronchiolitis

RSV

which organism causes croup

parainfluenza virus

which organism causes the common cold

rhinovirus

which organism causes tonsillitis

streptococcus pyrogens

which organism causes the flu

influenza virus

which organism causes CAP

strep pneumoniae

which organism causes CAP, bronchiectasis and acute epiglottitis

H influenzae

which organism causes post influenzae pneumonia

staph aureus

which organism causes flu symptoms with a dry cough associated with erythema multiforme and haemolytic anaemia in a young person

mycoplasma pneumoniae

which organism causes a dry cough, flu, confusion, reduced WCC and Na, deranged LFTs after air conditioning

legionella

treatment for legionella

macrolide e.g. clarithromycin

which organism causes exertional dyspnoea, fever, cough and SOB in patients with HIV

pneumocystis jiroveci

management of HIV patients with a CD4 below 200

co-amoxiclav prophylaxis for pneumocystis jiroveci

management of pneumocystis jiroveci

co-trimoxazole

which organism causes cough, night sweats and weight loss

mycobacterium tuberculosis

stain for TB

zeiehl-neelsen

latent TB on CXR

calcified gohn complex

what can be found in the lung cavity after secondary TB

aspergilloma

what must you measure before starting TB treatment

FBC, U&E, LFT and visual acuity

what can long term prednisolone cause during the mantoux test

false negative mantoux

what must you do before the BCG

tuberculin skin test

testing for HIV

combination test for antigens and antibodies after 4 weeks

how long after can you give PEP for HIV

72 hours

first line treatment of HIV

2 nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors 1 protease inhibitor

which HIV drug has the suffix 'navir'

protease inhibitors

which virus causes kaposi's sarcoma

human herpes virus 8

which two conditions can present in HIV with neurological symptoms and brain lesions how can you tell the difference

CNS lymphoma: homogenous lesions Toxoplasmosis: ring enlargement

which meningitis stains with India ink

cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)

which medication improves neurological outcomes in bacterial meningitis

dexamethasone

when would you do the LP in relation to ABx for meningitis

LP before antibiotics unless more than 1 hour for LP, rapidly deteriorating, raised ICP or high risk of a bleed

what medication is given for prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis

ciprofloxacin or rifampicin

what is the main treatment for bacterial meningitis

IV cefotaxime or ceftriaoxone

which medication would you add to cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone) in under 3m or over 50y

amoxicillin

medication for meningitis caused by listeria

IV amoxicillin and gentamicin

how long do you treat males for UTI

7 days

woman over 65 years with UTI

send an MSU sample

do you treat asymptomatic bacteria in catheterised patients

management of regular UTI after sex

post-coital antibiotic prophylaxis

how do you manage pregnant women with UTIs

send off a MSU for test of cure avoid trimethoprim in 1st trimester (give nitrofurantoin) avoid nitrofurantoin in 3rd trimester (give amoxicillin/cefalexin)

side effect of trimethoprim

tubular dysfunction causing raised potassium and creatinine

thin white discharge with clue cells and pH below 4.5

bacterial vaginosis

management of bacterial vaginosis

metronidazole (safe in pregnancy)

strawberry cervix

trichomonas vaginalis

non specific dysuria and discharge

chlamydia

investigation for chlamydia

NAAT on first catch urine for men vulvo-vaginal swab for women (also for gonorrhoea)

management of chlamydia

doxycycline treat partner even if negative

triad of a gonococcal disseminated infection

tenosynovitis migratory polyarthritis dermatitis

presentation of genital herpes

painful genital ulcers

management of genital herpes

NAAT Aciclovir

which herpes causes oral and genital ulcers

HSV1 - oral HSV2 - genital

presentation of the ulcers in syphilis

painless ulcer with indurated centre and associated lymphadenopathy

most common organism in central line infection

Staph epidermidis

most common organism causing diabetic ulcers

pseudomonas

which medication causes a black hairy tongue

tetracyclines

which vaccination is given in chronic hepatitis and 2 weeks prior to splenectomy

pneumococcal

management of necrotising fasciits

IV ABX immediate surgical debridement

which organism is treated with topical chlorhexadine or nasal mupirocin

MRSA

which organism is treated with praziquantel

schistosomiasis

which medication increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and should be avoided with alcohol

metronidazole

what are these vaccinations examples of: BCG, MMR, oral polio, oral typhoid, yellow fever

liver attenuated vaccinations

fever on alternative days

malaria

management of rabies

immunoglobulin and vaccination post exposure

management of lyme disease

no treatment if asymptomatic if symptomatic then doxycycline

which organism causes trismus (lockjaw), lethargy, spasms and back arching

clostridum tetani (TETANUS)

management of tetanus

vaccination status unknown: ig and vaccination vaccinated: ig more than 5 vaccinations, the last within 10 years: nothing

fever, rigors and vomiting followed by jaundice, haematemesis and oliguria with a 2-14 day incubation

yellow fever

which organism causes fever, hypotension and desquamating rash in patients using tampons

staphylococcus toxic shock syndrome

which disease can mimic EBV in immunocompromised patients presenting with fever, lymphadenopathy and malaise post food poisoning

toxoplasmosis

which hepatitis is self-limiting causing flu, RUQ pain and tenderness, jaundice and deranged LFTs with a 2-4 week incubation how is it spread

A faecal oral

deterioration of hepatitis B can indicate what

hepatocellular carcinoma

which hepatitis is a differential in an acute flare of chronic hepatitis B

hepatitis D

which hepatitis can cause mild jaundice and systemic upset 3-8 weeks after eating undercooked pork how is it spread

E faecal oral

which disease can cause cardiomyopathy if severe

chagas

which disease causes bilateral conjunctivitis, calf pain, myalgia, high fevers (flu, AKI, hepatitis, meningitis) and is spread by rat urine in the tropics

leptospirosis benpen/doxy

which disease is spread by sandflys in the americas and causes crusty lesions needing bon marrow aspirates

leishmaniasis

which disease causes thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein due to oropharyngeal infection

lemierre's

Infectious Diseases Flashcards

(108 cards)