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Histopath > Infiltration And Embedding > Flashcards

Infiltration And Embedding Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Removal of the clearing agent

A

Impregnation/ Infiltration

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2
Q

It fill all the open spaces by the infiltrating or impregnating medium

A

Impregnation/ infiltration

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3
Q

It gives the tissue a firmer consistency for better sectioning

A

Impregnation/ infiltration

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4
Q

Types of impregnating medium

A

Paraffin
Celloidin
Gelatin
Plastic

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5
Q

It is a solid hydrocarbons with several melting points

A

Paraffin wax

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6
Q

Simplest most common and best embedding medium used for routine tissue processing

A

Paraffin wax

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7
Q

Serial sections are cut easily without distortion, very rapid and many staining procedures are permitted

A

Paraffin wax

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8
Q

Methods of infiltration

A

Manual method
Automated method
Vacuum embedding

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9
Q

It needs four changes of paraffin wax at 15 minutes intervals.

A

Manual method

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10
Q

Temperature should be 2-5C higher than the melting point of wax

A

Manual method

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11
Q

It uses autotechnicon (elliot bench type)

A

Automated Method

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12
Q

2-3 changes of wax is needed with constant agitation, with 12 stations

A

Automated Method

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13
Q

Wax impregnation under negative atmospheric pressure inside an embedding oven

A

Vacuum embedding

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14
Q

It is the most rapid type

A

Vacuum embedding

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15
Q

Recommended for urgent biopsies such as lungs, bones, eyes, spleen and CNS tissues

A

Vacuum embedding

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16
Q

Average melting point of paraffin wax

A

56-58C

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17
Q

If lab temperature is at 20-24C

A

54-58C

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18
Q

If lab temperature is 15-18C

A

50-54C

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19
Q

Advantages of paraffin wax

A

Rapid
Compatible with most staining methods
Allows cutting of serial sections

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20
Q

Disadvantages of paraffin wax

A

Tissue brittleness
Prolonged fixation may cause shrinkage and hardening
Not for fatty tissues
Inadequate process may promote retention of clearing agent

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21
Q

Tissues that are difficult to infiltrate may require longer_________

A

Immersion time

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22
Q

Important components of the autotechnicon

A

Glass beakers
Transfer arms
Electrical clock
Cover plate
Spring loaded plunger

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23
Q

Example of automatic tissue processing machine

A

Elliot bench type processor

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24
Q

Controlled by electrical current moves the tissues from one processing reagent to another

A

Transfer arm

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25
Serves to control the time needed for each processing step
Electrical clock
26
Factors affecting paraffin wax impregnation
Temperature of the oven Nature and size of the tissue Type of clearing agents to be removed
27
Substitutes for paraffin wax
Paraplast Embeddol Bioloid Tissue mat Ester wax Carbowax and PEG
28
Highly purified paraffin and synthetic plastic polymer
Paraplast
29
Has a 56-57C melting point
Paraplast
30
More uniform blocks, better ribbons
Paraplast
31
Synthetic wax and has a 56-58C melting point
Embeddol
32
Semi synthetic form of paraffin and recommended for eye specimen
Bioloid
33
Rubberized paraffin and has a similar property with paraplast
Tissue mat
34
Does not require clearing Harder than paraffin wax
Ester wax
35
46-48C melting point Used in sliding or sledge type of microtome
Ester wax
36
Water soluble waxes Does not require dehydration and clearing
Carbowax and PEG
37
Ideal for fats and lipids, enzyme and histochemical studies Hygroscopic Tissues are difficult to float out
Carbowax and PEG
38
Type of impregnating medium that is highly volatile and a nitrocellulose dissolved in ether and alcohol
Celloidin/ collodion
39
Type of impregnating medium that does not require heat and allows cutting of hard tissues without distortion
Celloidin/ collodion
40
Type of impregnating medium that is slow, difficult to cut serial sections and pictomicrograph are difficult to obtain
Celloidin/ collodion
41
Methods of celloidin impregnation of tissue
Wet celloidin Dry celloidin Nitrocellulose method
42
Methods of celloidin that is recommended for bones, teeth, brains and whole organs Dissolved in 70-80% alcohol
Wet celloidin
43
Methods of celloidin that is recommended for whole eye section, dissolved in Gibson’s mixture
Dry celloidin
44
Methods of celloidin that can be used in high concentrations and forms harder tissue block
Nitrocellulose method
45
Method of celloidin that is explosive
Nitrocellulose method
46
A type of impregnating medium that is used for histochemical and enzyme studies
Gelatin
47
It is for delicate specimens and frozen section
Gelatin
48
It does not require dehydration and clearing, volume should be 25x of the tissue volume
Gelatin
49
It contains phenol to prevent molds
Gelatin
50
It is also known as casting or blockin
Embedding
51
It is a process where an impregnated tissue is placed into a precisely arranged position in a mold, containing an embedding medium and allowed solidify
Embedding
52
Orientation for embedding
Placing the tissue in the center of embedding mold
53
If you use paraffin for embedding:
Cool the paraffin in the mold at -5C
54
Types of molds
Leuckhart’s Embedding mold Compound embedding unit Plastic embedding rings and base molds Tissue tek Disposable molds
55
A 2 L shaped strips of heavy metal
Leuckhart’s embedding mold
56
Examples of these are peel away, ice tray, and paper boat
Disposable molds
57
Other embedding medium that is used for hard tissues and large sections of whole organ
Celloidin or nitrocellulose method
58
Other embedding medium which infiltration with celloidin is needed and subsequently embedded with paraffin
Double embedding method
59
Other embedding medium that is used for electron microscopy sections
Plastic emebedding
60
Examples of plastic (resin) embedding
Epoxy- reduces antigenicity, toxic and damage tissue Polyester Acrylic
61
Removal of excess wax to form a truncated pyramid
Trimming
62
What length of wax should surround the tissue bock?
2mm
63
A type of mold that has the advantage of embedding more specimens at a time, thereby reducing the time needed for blocking
Compound embedding unit
64
A type of mold that serves as the block holder during cutting
Plastic embedding rings and base mold
65
A type of mold that consists of a white plastic cassette mold with detachable hinge, it is used to hold the tissue specimen throughout fixation, dehydration, clearing and wax impregnation
Tissue tek

Histopath (8 decks)

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