Inflammation and Repair Flashcards
The process of reaction of vascularized living tissue to injury is called?
Inflammation
Process by which lost or necrotic cells are replaced by vital cells
Repair
Replacement by cells of same type
Regeneration
Replacement by connective tissue
Scarring/fibrosis
Protein rich fluid, inflammatory cells, cellular products, and cell debris accumulation at the site of an inflammatory reaction
Exudates
Cell migration along a concentration gradient of inflammatory mediator
Chemotaxis
Random migration stimulated by a chemical mediator
Chemokinesis
The protein rich fluid and inflammatory cells that accumulate in extracellular spaces as a result of an inflammatory reaction
Exudate
Refers to elimination of the inflammatory stimulus and senescence and removal of inflammatory cells after active inflammation
Resolution
Inflammation resulting from injurious stimuli that are persistent, often for weeks or months, leading to a predominantly proliferative, rather than exudative, reaction
Chronic inflammation
An inflammatory process dominated by macrophages
Granulomatous inflammation
A compact and organized collection of mononuclear inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells) dominated by macrophages
Granuloma
Organized and compact aggregate of MOs and/or epithelial cells with other inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and plasma cells
Simple granuloma
Granuloma with central necrosis and possibly calcification
Complex granuloma
Process resulting in an increase of collagen in tissue
Fibrosis
Highly organized fibrovascular tissue that often replaces necrotic debris and areas where poor regeneration occurs
Granulation tissue
Cells that continue to multiply throughout life and replenish those lost due to normal turnover
Labile cells
Cells with latent capacity to regenerate
Stable cells
Cells with no capacity to regenerate additional cells
Permanent cells
Potent growth factor produced by MOs, stromal fibroblasts, and to a lesser extent by epithelial cells in some tissues that is a potent inducer of epithelial proliferation and repair
Epidermal growth factor
Growth factor produced by MOs, platelets, endothelial cells, smooth ms cells; stimulates smooth ms proliferation and fibrosis
Platelet derived growth factor
Produced by MOs and other cells; potent inducer of endothelial cell proliferate and angiogenesis
Basic fibroblast growth factor
Produced by MOs and other cells including smooth ms cells, fibroblasts, platelets, and some epithelial cells; promotor of fibrosis and inhibits epithelial regeneration
Transforming growth factor beta
Highly potent angiogenesis factor produced by MOs, smooth ms cells, and epithelial cells in tissues; also produced by many malignant tumors and assists in neoplasm angiogenesis
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Produced on MOs, monocytes, and fibroblasts with wide range of biological properties
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Replacement of fibrin and necrotic debris by granulation tissue
Organization
Tough sheet of fibrin
Pseudomembrane
Detachable fibrinous exudate
Croupous
In contrast to croupous, the fibrinous exudate is firmly attached to the underlying surface and cannot be removed without tearing off a superficial layer of bleeding surface
Diptheritic
Retains the shape of the structure from which it was molded
Fibrinous cast
Pus in a confined area
Abscess
Pus spread thinly throughout (or diffusely) without being walled off (subcutaneously and along fascial plane)
Phlegmon (cellulitis)
Accumulation of pus in a body cavity
Empyema
Abscess consists of inspissated pus surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule
Cold abscess/ chronic abscess
Made or having become thickened in consistency
Inspissated
