Infratemporal fossa and Temperomandibular Joint Flashcards by Eric Pohlen

Boundaries of the infratemporal fossa

Lateral: Ramus of the mandible
Anterior: Maxilla
Medial: Lateral pterygoid plate
Roof: Sphenoid
Posterior: Tympanic plate and mastoid and styloid processes
Inferior: angle of mandible

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Muscular contents of the infratemporal fossa

Inferior portion of temporalis M

Lateral and medial pterygoid muscles

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Nervous structures of the infratemporal fossa

Inferior alveolar N (V3)
Lingual N (V3)
Buccal N (V3)
Chorada tympani (CN VII)
Otic Ganglion (nucleus of glossopharyngeal CN IX

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Mandibular part of Maxillary Artery

Deep Auricular A
Anterior tympanic A
Inferior Alveolar A (GA)
Middle Meningeal Artery (GA)
Accessory Meningeal A

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Deep auricular A

First branch off the mandibular part of Maxillary A

Exterternal Acoustic Meatus
External tmpanic membrane
Tempomandibular Joint

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Anterior Tympanic A

Second branch off the mandibular part of Maxillary As

Internal tempomandibular joint

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Inferior alveolar A

1st branch that runs inferiorly in the Mandibular part of Maxillary, will run through the lingual foramen of the mandible

Enters mandibular foramen and supllies the mandible
Mandibular teeth
Chin and Mylohyoid Muscle

WIll give rise to the Mylohyoid A

Inferior Alveolar A will terminate as the Mental A

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Middle Meningeal A

3rd branch that goes superiorly of the mandibular part of maxillary A, runs through foramen spinosum

Enters cranium via foramen spinosum and supplies the dura mater of the lateral wall
trigeminal ganglion
facial Nerve
Geniculate ganglion
Tympanic cavity 
Tensor tympani M

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Accessory Meningeal A

Last branch of the Mandibular part of maxillary A

Enters the cranium via foramne ovale
supplies extracranial muscles of infratemporal fossa
otic ganglion
and sphenoid bone

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Posterior Deep Temporal A

1st branch of the Muscular part of Maxillary Srtery

Going to supply the Temporalis M

will see in Lab

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Pterygoid Branches

Medial pterygoid and lateral Pterygoid branches off of Muscular part of maxillary A

supplies the medial and posterior pterygoid Muscles

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Masseteric A

Branch off of the muscular part of maxillary Artery

supplies TMJ and the masseter Muscle

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Buccal A

Branch off the muscular part of Maxillary A

Supplies Buccal fat pad
and buccal oral mucosa

Runs with Buccal N

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Posterior Superior Alveolar A

1st branch off the 3rd part of Maxillary A

supplies the molar and premolar teeth
lining of the maxillary sinus
gingiva

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: Descending Palatine A

2nd branch off of the 3rd part of the Maxillar A

supplies hard palate and the soft palate

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Part it branches off Maxillary Artery and what it supplies: infraorbital A

3rd branch off of the 3rd part of the maxillar A

gives rise to the anterior superior alveolar A which will supply the upper teeth

then will travel through the infraorbital foramen

and give off the orbital A to supply the eye

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the three terminal branches of the Maxillary A

Pharyngeal A

Artery of pterygoid canal

Sphenopalatine A (known for most serious posterior nose bleeds (ephistaxis)

Maxillary artery in relation to nerves

as the Maxillary A dives deep into the skull

the Lingual A
inferior Alveolar A
Buccal A

will all pass the Artery perpendicularly from lateral to medial as above

What is the action and innervation of the Masseter Muscle

inn: Masseteric Nerve anterior division of V3

Elevate the mandible and also assist in protraction and retraction and side to side motion

Has 3 heads

What is the action and innervation of the temporalis Muscle

inn: Deep temporal Nerve of V3
action: Vertical fibers are going to elevate the mandible

horizontal fibers are going to retract the fibers

Unilateral: lateral movement of mandible

What is the action and innervation of the lateral pterygoid M

INN: Lateral pterygoid N of V3

Action: Bilateral it protrudes the mandible and opens mouth

unilateral: side to side movement of the mandible

What is the action and innervation of the medial pterygoid M

Inn: medial pterygoid nerve of V3

Action: Bilateral it will elevate the Mandible and also help to protrusion and assist the lateral pterygoid

unilaterally: produces medial movement to opposite side

What is the action and innervation of the Diagastric Muscle

Elevates the hyoid bone during swallowing
assists in opening the mandible

Anterior belly innervated by nerve to mylohyoid: CN V3

Posterior Belly Innervated by Facial Nerve

What is the action and innervation of the Geniohyoid Muscle

Draws the hyoid bone forward during swallowing
assists in the opening of the mandible

Inn: Ventral ramus C1

What is the action and innervation of the Mylohyoid Muscle

Tightens and elevates the oral floor draws the hyoid bone forward during swallowing assists in opening the mandible and moving it from side to side Mylohyoid nerve (mandibular nerve V3

What is the action and innervation of the Stylohyoid muscle

elevates the hyoid bone during swallowing assists in opening the mandible INN: Facial Nerve (CN VII)

What is the action and innervation of the Sternohyoid muscle

Depresses or fixes the hyoid bone depresses the larynx and hyoid bone for talking or swallowing INN: ansa cervicalis C1-C4

What is the action and innervation of the Sternothyroid muscle

draws the larynx and hyoid bone downward depresses the larynx and hyoid bone during speaking and swallowing inn: ansa cervicalis (C1-C3) and C4

What is the action and innervation of the Thyrohyoid Muscle

Depresses and fixes the hyoid bone raises the larynx during swallowing INN: Verntral ramus of C1 as well as C4

What is the action and innervation of the Omohyoid muscle

Depresses the hyoid bone draws the larynx and hyoid bone downward for speaking and swallowing tenses the cervical fascia with its intermediate tendon and maintains patency of the internal jugular vein Ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus (C1-C3) as well as C4

Movement of the mandible and the muscles associated: Elevation

Temporalis, masseter medial pterygoids

Movement of the mandible and the muscles associated: depression

Lateral pterygoids suprahyoid muscles infrahyoid muscles

Movement of the mandible and the muscles associated: protrusion

Lateral pterygoids masseter Medial pterygoids

Movement of the mandible and the muscles associated: Retrusion

Temporalis | masseter

Movement of the mandible and the muscles associated: Lateral movements

ipsilateral temporalis and masseter | contralateral pterygoids

Ligaments of the Temporalmandibular joint

Lateral Temporomandibular Ligament Stylomandibular ligament Sphenomandibular ligament

What is special about the articular disc in the TMJ

has a posterior and anterior bands that prevent the jaw from gliding too far forward and back the lateral pterygoid is connected to the articular disk so that when it fires it pulls the disk anterior causing a self inflicted disslocation (gape)

Innervation of the Temperomandibular Joint

Posterior division of V3, Auriculotemporal N | Anterior division of V3, Posterior deep temporal nerve and masseteric Nerve

Where is the Inferior Alveolar nerve block done

back lateral lower half of the mouth inbetween the pterygomandibular raphe and the coronoid notch

Where is the Anterior (infraorbital) superior alveolar nerve block done?

lateral frontal upper lip to hit the infraorbital nerve | external nasal nerve and the superior labial nerve

What branches of the maxillary artery make up the Muscular part

``` Posterior Deep temporal A Medial Pterygoid a Lateral pterygoid A Masseteric a Buccal A Anterior Deep temporal A ```

What branches of the maxillary artery make up the 3rd part

Posterior superior alveolar a Descending palatine A Infraorbital A Terminal branches: Phaaryngeal A Artery of pterygoid canal sphenopalatine a