Instruments Test Review Flashcards by Z Z

Pilot Monitoring calls out deviations of ____ knots or more airspeed, and ____ ft or more desired altitude

5 knots

100 ft

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Control performance concept:
Steps
1.
2.
3.
4.

Establish pitch/power using control instruments
Trim
Crosscheck using performance instruments
Adjust by starting over with ESTABLISH

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Control Instruments?

EADI
N1
N2
Fuel Flow

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Performance Instruments?

VSI
MSI
EHSI
Altimeter
AoA gauge

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Navigation Instruments?

Glide Slope
DME
Course
Bearing

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Correcting HDG and ALT deviations?

ALT: adjust pitch to get VVI ~2x the the altitude deviation

HDG: # of degrees off to correct, not to exceed 30*

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Steep turn parameters

45* bank

160
200
230

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Unusual Attitudes parameters

power
altitude
bank
recovery steps

Max power: MCT to prevent over boosting
Altitude: 5,000 AGL (VMC)
Max bank: 45*
Recovery steps: Recognize, Confirm, Recover

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Vertical S parameters

speed
vsi
start direction
types

160 KIAS
1,000 fpm
Start either UP or DOWN

A: constant HDG
B: constant bank
C: change bank direction on descent
D: change bank direction when vertical direction changes

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NAVAID identification

Morse code always

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NAVAID info transmitted
NDB
VOR
TACAN

NDB: non-directional radio beacon. non-directional signal only

VOR: VHF Omni-directional Range. course/radial only

TACAN: Tactical Air Navigation. Azimuth and range

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Station passage:
NDB
VOR
TACAN

NDB: First swing thru 90* to inbound course for initial passage

VOR: TO/FROM indicator flips

TACAN: Range stops decreasing

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Inbound intercept:
max intercept angle
min intercept angle

max: 90*
min: greater than the # of degrees off, not to exceed 90

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outbound immediately after station passage

1st turn and intercept angle

first turn: parallel the course outbound, regardless of wha navaid is doing

Intercept angle: # of degrees off, not to exceed 45

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Lead point for an arc? (formula)

(Ground Speed/60) - 2 = turn radius

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Lead point off arc to radial? (formula)

(60/arc DME)*(turn radius)

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Correcting off an arc:
outside arc
inside arc

outside arc: head of bearing pointer 10* above 90*index for every 0.5NM off

inside arc: head of bearing pointer 5* above 90*index for every 0.5NM off

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Steps for Fix-to-Fix?

TIM
set radial in course window
Initial turn between two heads
Use a method to get an exact HDG
Update continuously

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PM mandatory calls for assigned altitudes?

1,000 ft below assigned altitude when climbing or descending

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HDG and altimeter must be within what allowed deviation?

HDG: 5*
Altimeter: 75 ft

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Instr. T/O procedures

Static

no change in normal procedures

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Level off procedures:

moderate climb/steep climb

< 2,000 vsi: 10% of vsi

> 2,000 psi: cut pitch picture in half, then 10% of vsi

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non-published minimum climb gradient

200 ft/NM

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Army or Civilian departure procedure

cross rwy end height, 35 ft AGL

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Published Departure procedure, when to make first turn?

at least 400 AGL unless directed otherwise

If vectored off SID, is it considered cancelled?

Yes, including associated departure procedures routes and altitudes

SID: told to maintain or climb and maintain,

departure route still applies, but altitudes are cancelled

When planning on holding, when must you get ATC instructions

at least 5 min prior to clearance limit

When planning on holding, when must you slow to holding speed?

3 min prior

Holding patterns: how long do you time inbound?

at or below 14,000: 1 minute above 14,000: 1.5 minutes

When do you start timing inbound for holding?

WINGS LEVEL inbound

When do you start timing outbound for holding?

over or abeam the fix outbound (or wings level if unable to determine abeam)

Standard holding turn direction

Right. Use standard if none specified

What types of navaids can you hold over?

YES: VOR, NDB, VOR portion of VORTAC NO: TACAN, ADF is not a navaid

How to compute descent GRADIENT?

(Alt to lose) / (distance remaining)

How to compute descent RATE?

Gradient * (GS/60)

Procedural tracks consists of ...

courses, arcs, radials

For enroute descent, what is the max speed when below 10,000 ft?

250 KIAS

gradient required for non-DME teardrop penetrations?

800-1000 ft/nm

teardrop approaches associated with which NAVAIDs?

VOR or NDBs, not TACANs

For low alt. approaches, what is your config prior to the IAF?

180 clean

When do you start configuring for a non-precision approach?

flaps 10 gear DWN 3-5 miles from FAF

How to calculate VDP?

GS/HAT

While on an ILS, do not descend below localizer mins if greater than ___ dot(s) below or ____ dot(s) above glideslope

1 dot below | 2 dots above

For a localizer back course, which course do you dial into course select window?

front course

Approach speeds? 30 flap 10 flap 0 flap

30: Vapp = Vref 10: Vapp = Vref +10 0: Vapp = Vref +20

ASR approaches provide what kind of guidance?

course and range

ASR approaches can be up to ____ ft to the side of the runway at the MAP and still be on course

500 ft

PAR approaches provide what kind of guidance?

course, range to touchdown, and glidepath

For PAR approaches, when must you be configured?

Configured and at Vapp prior to glidepath intercept

For a No-Gyro approach, what turns rates do you use prior to final and on final?

Prior to final: Standard rate | On final: 1/2 standard rate when told to do so

How often must you hear from a controller on a radar approach?

Prior to final: 1 minute On final: PAR 5 sec ASR 15 sec (including no-gyro)

ICAO: 3 types of procedures?

Course reversal Race track Procedural tracks

ICAO: For race tracks, max teardrop angle? max tear drop timing?

30* | 1.5 minutes ( unless 1 min leg)

ICAO: types of turn reversals

45/180 80/260 Base turn Race track

ICAO: Entry cone for turn reversals?

+/- 30* each side (60 total) unless coming from a feeder facility

When to set 29.92 for transition altitude vs Flt Lvl

whichever direction the V points

Mandatory PM calls on approach?

non-prec: 100 above MDA, minimums, VDP, RWY in sight, go around Prec: 100 above DH, Land/go around/continue

Last point to lower full flaps on approach?

250 AGL

Problems associated with "duck under"?

High sink rate leading to short/hard landing

MAP: how is it defined for non-precision approaches?

1. DME 2. NAVAID 3. Timing

MAP: how is it defined for precision approaches?

DH as defined by barometric altimeter, not radio altimeter

When to go missed approach, non-precision?

- At MAP and rwy not in sight, or not in a safe position to land

When to go missed approach, precision?

- At DH and rwy not in sight, or not in a safe position to land

Normal T/O rotation? Single engine?

13-15* 10*

When are you allowed to raise the gear?

Positive rate of climb

Should you plan to circle from a precision approach?

Use circling mins for the intended landing rwy or from the approach rwy?

approach rwy

Instruments Test Review Flashcards

(68 cards)