Integrated Systems Flashcards
(24 cards)
Why can’t architectural systems be considered in isolation?
Because they interact in complex ways; integration is key for movement, insulation, waterproofing, etc.
What are two main types of movement that must be considered between floors and walls?
Vertical movement (floor loads) and lateral movement (wind, seismic forces on walls).
How does temperature affect exterior walls vs floors?
Walls expand/contract more due to sun exposure; floors are typically shielded.
What are the two ways building components can accommodate movement?
Mechanically fixed connections that absorb movement, or slotted/sliding connections allowing slight movement.
Why is it important to differentiate between bearing and non-bearing walls?
Because it affects how loads and movements are transferred and accommodated.
What are the three elements needed for water to penetrate a building?
Water, a force (gravity, capillary action, etc.), and a crack/hole.
What are the four forces that drive water through walls?
Gravity, surface tension, capillary action, pressure differentials.
What is a rainscreen system?
An exterior surface with a pressure-equalized air cavity behind it to reduce water penetration.
Why is the joint between wall and floor complex to insulate?
Due to intersecting structural components that require continuous insulation and vapor barriers.
Why are vapor barriers typically placed on the warm side of insulation?
To prevent condensation within the wall assembly.
What is a thermal break and why is it used in curtain walls?
A non-conductive material preventing heat transfer between interior and exterior aluminum frames.
Why must siding like shingles and clapboard be nailed only at the top?
To allow for expansion and contraction without tearing or allowing water entry.
What causes wood components to expand or contract?
Mainly moisture content; width changes more than length.
Why is a baseboard used in interior wall assemblies?
To cover gaps allowing floor/wall movement and protect from impact damage.
Why are crown moldings often used?
To hide gaps or cracks from ceiling and wall movement.
What is the importance of spacing and sealing drywall?
Prevents cracks due to movement; sealant can help control air and sound transmission.
How do glass and aluminum curtain walls manage insulation?
With thermal breaks and double-glazed glass units with air gaps.
What is the function of shaft walls in buildings?
To allow vertical services while maintaining fire rating and managing structural movement.
What makes shaft walls unique in construction?
They are constructed from one side and require pre-fit panels and fire-rated assemblies.
What fire safety component is critical at duct penetrations in shafts?
Fire dampers that close to maintain fire rating.
Why do ducts and pipes in shafts need clearance?
To avoid contact, reduce noise, and allow for expansion, cleanouts, and joints.
What are plenums and how do they relate to wall/ceiling integration?
Ceiling voids used as air return spaces; influence acoustic and fire rating design.
Why is acoustic separation important in wall/ceiling integration?
To maintain speech privacy and reduce sound transfer through ceiling plenums.
How does a radiant heater near a window enhance comfort?
Creates a convective current that buffers cold air from the window.
