Wood Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the two main categories of wood construction?
Light frame and timber.
What is considered dimensional lumber?
Lumber milled to standard sizes like 2x4, 2x6, 2x10 etc.
What is the actual size of a 2x4?
1.5 inches by 3.5 inches.
What is the actual size of a 2x6?
1.5 inches by 5.5 inches.
At what size does lumber become classified as timber?
Typically when the smallest dimension is 6 inches or more.
Why are timber connections more critical than light frame?
Because timber has fewer, more significant elements.
What is glulam?
Glued laminated timber, typically grouped with timbers.
Why does timber perform better in fires than light frame?
Char layer forms on the outside insulating the core.
What happens to a 2x6 in a fire?
It chars about 3/4 inch on each side, compromising its structure.
How is lateral load resisted in light frame construction?
Using plywood or OSB sheathing or diagonal metal bracing.
What is platform framing?
Each floor is framed as a platform before walls are erected on top.
What is balloon framing?
Tall wall studs extend past floor levels, floors are attached mid-height.
Why is platform framing preferred over balloon?
Easier to build and provides natural fire stops.
What is a sole plate?
The bottom wood plate that attaches to the concrete foundation.
What is a sill plate?
The horizontal member that anchors to the foundation, often treated.
Why is a double top plate often used?
For strength, load distribution, and tying sections together.
Why would you use a single top plate?
To save material, but it requires precise alignment of studs and joists.
What are common stud spacings in wood framing?
16 inches or 24 inches on center.
Why use 24 inch spacing?
Less wood and more insulation space.
Why use 16 inch spacing?
More redundancy and better support for finishes.
What is blocking in wall framing?
Short horizontal pieces used for attaching cabinets or fixtures.
Why consider light and cabinet locations in framing?
To ensure structure exists where needed for attachment.
Why should corners be carefully framed?
To allow drywall backing and space for insulation.
How are timber elements typically connected?
With pegs, steel plates, or lag bolts.
