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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

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1
Q

Integumentary system is composed of

A

Skin,Nails, Hair, and cutaneous glands

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2
Q

Skin is the bodys largest

A

organ

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3
Q

2 layers of skin

A

epidermis and dermis

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4
Q

Functions of skin

A

protection, nutriant synthesis and storage, excreation and secretion, water retention, non verbal communication, thermal regulation

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5
Q

Skin Acid Mantel

A

protects from pathogens

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6
Q

in development epidermis comes from

A

ectoderm, starts as periderm, replaced by stratum corneum, also have basal layer and intermediate layer

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7
Q

In development dermis comes from

A

mesoderm, more highly vascular as fetus for thermal regulation

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8
Q

Vernix Caseoa

A

layer of skin developes in last trimester

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9
Q

Vernix Caseoa functions

A

protention, growth factors, temp regulation, surface acidification, antioxidant, wound healing

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10
Q

Vernix Caseoa composed of

A

water, sebum and lipids, cells, langou hair

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11
Q

Epidermis made of

A

keritinized statified squamous epithelial tissue

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12
Q

Epidermis lacks

A

blood vessles, relys on CT for nutriants

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13
Q

Cells of epidermis

A

keratinocytes, stem cells, melanocytes, tactile cells, dendric cells

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14
Q

Keritinocytes

A

majority of epidermis cells, synthesis keritin

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15
Q

stem ells

A

metabolically active, need to be closer to CT, undifferentiated cells, divide and produce keratinocytes, in stratum basle

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16
Q

melanocytes

A

in stratum basle, synthesis melanin which goes around nucleous to protect cells from UV radiation

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17
Q

Tactile cells

A

receptors for touch, associated with nerve fibers

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18
Q

Dendritic cells

A

macrophage cells, immune cells from bone marrow, stand gaurd and protect against pathogens

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19
Q

Layers of epidermis deepest to superficial

A

Stratum Basel/germiatium, stratum spinousum, stratum grandulosum, stratum lucidium, stratum cornum

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20
Q

Stratum Basale

A

mostly single layer cuboadle cells, stemm cells are here, highly mitotic, have epidermal ridges and dermal papilla which interlock

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21
Q

Stratum spinousum

A

Several layers of keritinocytes, thickest layer, some division happens

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22
Q

Stratum grandulosome

A

3-5 layers of keratinocytes, more in thick skin, little to no division, cells are dying, producing lots of keratin

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23
Q

stratum lucidum

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A

only in thick skin, thin and translucent, tight junciton

24
Q

stratum corneum

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A

30 layers of dead cells, keritinized, water resistant, durrible surface layer

25
Keratinocytes birht to death
as they travel up they get thinner and die, coated with lipids
26
thick skin
has stratum lusidum, thich stratum corneum, lacks hair/sebacous glands, found in palms, soles, fingers
27
think skin
no stratum lucidum, think stratum cornum, has hair, sweat glands, and sebacous glands
28
Dermis
CT under epidermis, mostly collagin and some elastin, roots accessory structures,highly vascular,
29
Papilary layer of dermis
more superfical layer, acerolar CT, supports and nourishes epidermis, has blood capilarys and nerves, defends against what goes through epidermis
30
Reticular layer of dermis
deepest layer of skin, interwoven meshwork of dense irregular tissue, lots of collagen
31
Lines of cleavage
lines of collegen and elastin fibers, how surgens cut us, go in different patterns on body to reduce friction and tear
32
Hypodermis/subcutanious layer
adipose and areolar CT, highly vascular, binds skin to underlying tissues
33
Hypodermis functions
shock absorbtion, insulation, fat storgage, anchors skin
34
melinan 2 forms
eumelanin brownish black and pheomelanin redish yellow
35
most significant factor in skin color is
melanin
36
everyone has same number of
melanocytes, amount melinan they produce if different
37
Skin color balance
need to absorbe UV for vitamin D but need to protect because skin cancer
38
Cline of skin color
gradual change from the equator to the poles
39
Skin pigmentation can also come from
blood vessles, carotene, dermal collagen, ect.
40
Hair
accesory organ of the skin, mostly dead keritinized cells, grows from hair folical
41
hair grows everywhere except
lips, nipples, palms, soles, ect.
42
Hair receptors and arrector pili
receptors respond to hair movement, pilli causes goose bumps
43
lanugo hair
fetus hair, fine downy unpigmented
44
Vellus hair
fine and unpigemented, mostly women and all childern
45
Terminal hair
coarse and pigemented, eyebrows scalp and eyelashes, after puberty armpits, pubic, and facial
46
Hair made of
shaft, root, folical, bulb
47
Nails made of
stratum cornum, composed of dead thin scaly cells
48
Nails are flat because
evoled, better tool, better for sencing, easier for mailpulation
49
Merocine (endocrine) glands
most numerous, simple tubular gland, produces sweat to cool body, secretes to surface through sweat pore, most abundant of palms, soles, forehead
50
Apocrine Glands
associated with sexual maturity, groin and anal region, armpits, beard, ducts open into hair folicals, sweat is thicker and has more fatty acids, accocated with sex pheremones and doesn't developed till puberty
51
Sebacous glands
produce oily secretion called sebum, usulay open to hair folicle, not present in thick skin,holocrine secretion, keeps skin/hair from becoming brittle
52
Ceruminous glands
found in audiory canal, produces earwax which is a combination of sebum and dead epidermal cells, keeps eardrum playable,waterproof, kills bacteria, changes with health/lifestage, signaling agent
53
Mamary glands
produce milk when lactating, not synomous with breast, men and women have them, modified apocrine gland, provides signaling between infant and mother
54
Extrinsic aging
due to enviorment and lifestyle, things like smoking
55
intrinsic aging
natural, cant be stopped
56
things that happen durring intrinsic again
hair greys and thins, melanocyte stem cells die, mitosis slows, dead hair isnt replaced, thin and translucent skin, thermoregulation harder more prone to heat stroke and hypothermia, blood vessels are fewer and more fragle, increase bruising and rosacha

Anatomy (6 decks)

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