Intelligence

Question 1

IQ was originally designed as a standardised score showing what?

Answer 1

The deviation from mental age from chronological age

Question 2

The Standard deviation of IQ

Answer 2

15

Question 3

An underlying factor, or ‘mental energy’ linked with performance on all tests of IQ (Spearman)

Answer 3

General Intelligence

Question 4

How could the relationship between IQ and longevity be explained through reverse causation?

Answer 4

Poor health can influence IQ

Question 5

How did Whalley and Deary (2001) create an estimate for SES to control for it?

Answer 5

Taking into account ‘overcrowding’ and father occupation.

Question 6

Whalley and Deary (2001) findings regarding a comparisons between childhood IQ scores and survival rates?

Answer 6

• Higher IQ has a survival advantage
• Size of the effect was larger for woman

Question 7

Causal mechanisms between early life IQ and longevity (Deary, 2008)

Answer 7

• Having a higher IQ makes you more likely to have a higher SES which brings health benefits.
• Having a higher IQ means you are more likely to engage in pro-health activities.
• Proper neural development leads to higher IQ which lessens the chance of psychiatric issues.
• A higher IQ is a more general marker of overall ‘body system integrity’. People with higher body system integrity are more likely to have a higher IQ and live longer.

Question 8

What did Ali et al., (2013) find about the relationship between Happiness and IQ

Answer 8

A higher IQ was associated with higher levels of happiness.

Question 9

Mediation model

Answer 9

First look at the correlation between predictor variable and outcome, then add a mediating variable to see if this reduced the strength of the original correlation

Question 10

What variables mediated the relationship between IQ and happiness according to Ali et al., (2013)?

Answer 10

• Dependency in activities of daily living
• Income
• Neurotic symptoms
• Self-reported health
• Marital status
• Social partnership