INTRO TO PARASITOLOGY

Question 1

area of biology concerned w the phenomenon of dependence of one living organism on another

Answer 1

parasitology

Question 2

concerened w the ANIMAL PARASITES OF HUMANS and their medical significance, & importance in human communities

Answer 2

medical parasitology

Question 3

deals w TROPICAL diseases and other special medical problems of tropical regions

Answer 3

tropical medicine

Question 4

illness- indigenous to or endemic in a tropical area; mostly parasitic diseases

Answer 4

tropical disease

Question 5

living together of unlike organisms

Answer 5

symbiosis

Question 6

symbiotic rel.; 2 species live together, 1 benefit w/o harming/benefitting the other (neutral)

Answer 6

commensalism

Question 7

symbiosis; 2 mutually benefit from e/o

Answer 7

mutualism

Question 8

parasite lives in/on host for survival; parasite harms the host

Answer 8

parasitism

Question 9

biological rel.

• always harm the host; parasite cannot live an independent life

Answer 9

parasitism

Question 10

biological rel.

• parasite is capable of living independently; does not cause infection to the host

Answer 10

commensalism

Question 11

biological relationship

• none of them were harmed; parasite and host are dependent upon each other

Answer 11

mutualism

Question 12

biological relationships

Answer 12

commensalism
mutualism
parasitism

Question 13

amoebiasis is also known as

Answer 13

amebic dysentry

Question 14

amoebiasis is caused by

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Entamoeba histolytica

Question 15

entamoeba histolytica lives in the -

Answer 15

intestines

Question 16

organisms which lives in/body of another organism for GROWTH AND SURVIVAL

Answer 16

parasite

Question 17

plant/animal that harbors the parasite; larger than the parasite

Answer 17

host

Question 18

parasites acc. to habitat

• infestation

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ECtoparasite

Question 19

para acc. to habitat

• infection

Answer 19

ENdoparasite

Question 20

para acc. to rel. w host

• take up PERMANENT residence in and are COMPLETELY DEPENDENT upon the host

Answer 20

obligate

Question 21

para acc. to its rel. w host

• capable of leading both a FREE and a PARASITIC EXISTENCE even if they are outide the body of host

Answer 21

facultative

Question 22

para acc. to its rel. w host

• visit the host only during FEEDING time

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intermittent

Question 23

para acc. to its rel. w host

• establishes itself in a host which it does not ordinarily live

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incidental/accidental

Question 24

para acc. to its rel. w host

• remains on or in the body of the host from EARLY LIFE until MATURITY , sometimes for its entire LIFE CYCLE

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Permanent

Question 25

para acc. to its rel. w host - artifacts mistaken as parasites (pollen, hairs)

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pseudoparasite

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para acc. to its rel. w host - lives on the host only for a SHORT PERIOD of time

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temporary

Question 27

para acc. to its rel. w host - a free living-organism that passes through the DIGESTIVE TRACT w/o infecting the host

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spurious parasite

Question 28

classification of hosts - harbors SEXUAL/ADULT stages/TERMINAL/FINAL stages of the parasite (HUMANS)

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definitive host

Question 29

classification of hosts - harbors the ASEXUAL stages/LARVALstages of the parasite (SNAIL)

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intermediate host

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classification of hosts - host acts as a TRANSPORTING agent for the parasite; parasite does NOT UNDERGO any development (PRAWNS)

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paratenic host

Question 31

classification of hosts - host in which the parasite is maintained and act as a SOURCE OF INFECTION for new cases (RODENTS)

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reservoir

Question 32

classification of hosts - refers to a situtation in which the infected individual is NOT NECESSARY for the parasite SURVIVAL/DEVELOPMENT (TRICHINOSIS)

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incidental host

Question 32

each parasite belongs to a

Answer 32

(PCOFGS) Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Question 33

further divisions of parasites

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superfamily subfamily suborder subspecies

Question 34

family name

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-idae

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superfamily

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-oidea

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subfamily

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-inae

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true or false names are BINOMIAL - SPECIES; TRINOMIAL - SUBSPECIES

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TRUE

Question 38

modes of transmission - undergo development in the SOIL to reach infective stage

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soil-transmitted

Question 39

modes of transmission - undergo further development in the SNAIL to reach infective stage

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snail-transmitted

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modes of transmission - undergo further development in INSECT VECTORS to reach infective stage

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arthropod transmitted

Question 41

modes of transmission - parasite is really infective; not have to go further development

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contact transmitted

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modes of transmission - animal to human (zooanthroponosis)

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animal-borne

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modes of transmission - transmission by air

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airborne

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modes of transmission - infecting one's self

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autoinfection

Question 45

Modes of transmission

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soil-transmitted snail-transmitted contact-transmitted arthropod transmitted animal-borne airborne autoinfection

Question 46

portals of entry - ingestion of embryonated eggs, cysts

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mouth (oral cavity)

Question 47

portals of entry - active penetration

Answer 47

skin

Question 48

portals of entry skin: hookworm

Answer 48

filariform larvae

Question 49

portals of entry skin: schistosomes

Answer 49

cercariae

Question 49

portals of entry sexual contact

Answer 49

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 50

portals of entry transplacental

Answer 50

Toxoplasma gondii

Question 51

portals of entry transmammary

Answer 51

Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 52

portals of entry intranasal

Answer 52

Naegleria fowleri Acanthamoeba culbertsoni

Question 53

portals of exit

Answer 53

stool urine sputum blood tissue biopsy

Question 54

portals of exit recovery of ova

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stool

Question 55

portals of exit urine

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T. vaginalis S. haematobium

Question 56

portals of exit sputum

Answer 56

Paragonimus westermani

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portals of exit blood

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microfilaria, gametocytes

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portals of exit tissue biopsy: muscle

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Trichinella spiralis (encysted larva) Taenia solium (cysticercus cellulosae) Diphyllobothrium latum (sparganum)

Question 59

portals of exit tissue biopsy: rectal biopsy

Answer 59

amoebiasis secondary Schistosoma infection

Question 60

study of patterns, distribution, and occurence of disease

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epidemiology

Question 61

number of NEW CASES OF INFECTION appearing in a population in a given period of time

Answer 61

incidence

Question 62

number (percentage) if individuals in a population est. to be infected w a PARTICULAR PARASITE species at a given time

Answer 62

prevalence

Question 63

percentage of indiv. in a popu. infected w AT LEAST ONE PARASITE

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cumulative parasite

Question 64

3 factors involved in transmission of parasites

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source of infection mode of transmission presence of susceptible host

Question 65

human being when infected by a parasite may serve as

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- only host - principal host w other animals also infected - incidental host w 1 or other animals as principal host

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responsible for transmitting the parasite from one host to another

Answer 66

vectors

Question 67

transmits the parasite only after complete development within the host; essential in the parasite's life cycle

Answer 67

biological vector

Question 68

vector that only transports the parasite

Answer 68

mechanical/phoretic vector

Question 69

harbors a particular pathogen without manifesting any signs and symptoms

Answer 69

carrier

Question 70

process of inoculating an infective agent

Answer 70

exposure

Question 71

establishment of the infective agent in the host

Answer 71

infection

Question 72

period between INFECTION and EVIDENCE of symptoms

Answer 72

incubation/clinical incubation period

Question 73

period between INFECTION/ACQUISITION OF THE PARASITE and EVIDENCE or demonstration of infection

Answer 73

pre-patent/ biologic incubation period

Question 74

period of weakness; undetected by immune system

Answer 74

prodormal period