NEMATODES - Capillaria philippinensis, Enterobius vermicularis

Question 1

common name for c. philippinensis

Answer 1

pudoc worm

Question 2

mode of transmission

Answer 2

ingestion of raw freshwater fish

Question 3

types of freshwater fish that acts as intermediate host for c. philippinensis

Answer 3

bagsit, birut, bagsang

Question 4

CP: where do embryonation takes place

Answer 4

water

Question 5

CP: type of femle that immediately produces larva = autoinfection

Answer 5

larviparous larva

Question 6

CP: infective stage

Answer 6

encysted larva in freshwater fish

Question 7

CP: diagnostic stage

Answer 7

unembryonated egg in stool

Question 8

CP: describe posterior and anterior end

Answer 8

Posterior: rounded
Anterior: tapered/pointed

Question 9

CP: unique feature; whole esophagus is called

Answer 9

stichosome

Question 10

CP: rows of secretory cells; each compartment/striation/cell of the esophagus is called

Answer 10

stichocytes

Question 11

CP: border of anterior and posterior in females

Answer 11

vulva

Question 12

CP: posterior end of females

Answer 12

uterus

Question 13

CP: parasites embedded on the walls of the intestine can cause

Answer 13

micro-ulcers
mechanical compression

Question 14

patients w/ c. philippinensis cannot absorb and digest food properly = diarrhea due to

Answer 14

atrophied villi

Question 15

CP: production of carbon dioxide due to digestion of carbohydrates by bacteria

Answer 15

gurgling (borborygmus)

Question 16

CP: protein-losing enteropathy causes; happens when hydrostatic pressure is not opposed due to the absence of albumin

Answer 16

edema

Question 17

CP: absent electrolytes causing electrolyte imbalance = death

Answer 17

sodium
potassium
calcium

Question 18

malbasorption of fats and sugar

Answer 18

c. philippinensis

Question 19

CP: reservoir host

Answer 19

migratory birds

Question 20

describe tha egg shape of c. philippinensis

Answer 20

peanut shaped w striated shells and flattened bipolar plugs

Question 21

natural hosts for the CP

Answer 21

fish-eating birds

Question 22

CP superfamily

Answer 22

Trichinelloidea

Question 23

CP: incidental host

Answer 23

humans

Question 24

usuall clinical manifestation for persons w c. philippinensis

Answer 24

abdominal pain
borborygmi

Question 25

test shown to have 100% sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of capillariasis

Answer 25

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using T. spiralis antigen

Question 26

CP: drug of choice

Answer 26

albendazole

Question 27

CP: parasites can be recovered from the intestine through

Answer 27

duodenal aspiration

Question 28

describe the male spicule of CP

Answer 28

has unspined sheath

Question 29

similar feature of CP with SS

Answer 29

bipolar plugs

Question 30

fluid and electrolyte replacement treatment for CP

Answer 30

oresol dextrose

Question 31

EV: infective stage

Answer 31

embryonated ova

Question 32

EV: diagnostic stage

Answer 32

eggs on perianal folds

Question 33

EV: anterior and posterior

Answer 33

Anterior: cuticular alar expansions (cephalic alae) Posterior: prominent posterior esophageal bulb

Question 34

common name of e. vermicularis

Answer 34

pinworm

Question 35

EV: dies after copulation

Answer 35

male

Question 36

defining feature of e. vermicularis

Answer 36

presence of cervical alae

Question 37

EV: for mechanical protection

Answer 37

outer triple albuminous covering

Question 38

EV: for chemical protection

Answer 38

inner embryonic lipodal membrane

Question 39

method of lab diagnosis for e. vermicularis

Answer 39

Graham's scotch adhesive tape swab / perianl cellulose tape swab

Question 40

only nematode that cannot be controlled by proper human waste disposal

Answer 40

e. vermicularis

Question 41

e. vermicularis infection is characterized by

Answer 41

perianal itching or pruritus ani

Question 42

most common helminth parasite identified in temperate regions

Answer 42

e. vermicularis

Question 43

EV: MIGRATE to the perianal area during evening hours

Answer 43

adult female worms

Question 44

EV: migrate down the intestinal tract --> anus to DEPOSIT EGGS on the perianal skin

Answer 44

gravid female worms

Question 45

EV: has esophageal bulb but absent cephalic alae

Answer 45

rhabditiform larvae

Question 46

EV: female usually dies after ?

Answer 46

egg deposition

Question 47

EV: eggs remain viable in moist conditions for up to ?

Answer 47

13 days

Question 48

EV: eggs remain viable longest under what condition

Answer 48

fairly high humidity moderate temperature

Question 49

pinworm eggs have occassionaly been reported from these ectopic sites

Answer 49

lung and liver

Question 50

e. vermicularis is describes as

Answer 50

familial or a group disease

Question 51

EV: cure is only considered after - using scotch-tape method

Answer 51

consecute 7 perianal smears (negative)

Question 52

EV route of infection

Answer 52

mouth respiratory system (via inhalation) Anus (retroinfection)

Question 53

EV prevalence is consistently high in

Answer 53

females