introductio

Question 1

where are the puncture site for infants <1 year during skin puncture

Answer 1

plantar surface
medial side of the heel
lateral side of the heel

Question 2

for older child and adults the site for skin puncture ____

Answer 2

palmar surface of the non-dominant hand
(3rd or 4th finger distal portion)

Question 3

recommended depth of skin puncture for infants?

Answer 3

<2.0mm

Question 4

recommended depth of skin puncture for adults and older children.

Answer 4

2.0-2.5 mm

Question 5

what are the possible effects of squeezing, milking the site?

Answer 5

cause hemolysis and introduce to excess interstitial fluid

Question 6

why do we need to discard the 1st drop of blood?

Answer 6

to discard excess tissue fluid
to discard dead epidermal cells
to facilitate free flow of f blood

Question 7

order of draw for skin puncture

Answer 7

tube for blood gas analysis
slides
EDTA microcollection tube
other microcollection tube with anticoagulant
serum micro collection tube

Question 8

what is the 1st tube collected from skin puncture?

Answer 8

blood gas

Question 9

what is the 1st micrrocollection tube to be collected in skin puncture?

Answer 9

EDTA

Question 10

MOST COMMON SITE FOR VENPUNCTURE

Answer 10

SUPERFICIAL VENIS ON THE ANTECUBITAL FOSSA

Question 11

CLEANSE THE SITE USING __ SCRUB WITH MOVEMENT _____

Answer 11

FRICTION
BACK AND FORTH

Question 12

VEINS TO BE USED IN ORDER OF PREFERENCES
H PATTERN

Answer 12

MEIDAN CUBITAL VEIN
CEPHALIC VEIN
BASILIC VEIN

Question 13

VEINS TO BE USED IN ORDER OF PREFERENCE FORR M PATTER

Answer 13

MEDIAN VEIN
ACCESSORY CEPHALIC VEIN
BASILIC VEIN

Question 14

ANGLE BETWEEN SKIN AND NEEDLE

Answer 14

<30 DEGREE
OR 7.5-10 CM

Question 15

WHAT IS THE LENGTH OF TIME FOR TOURNIQUET APPLICATION

Answer 15

LESS THAN 1 MINUTE

Question 16

DISTANCE OF TOURNIQUET

Answer 16

3-4 INCHES

Question 17

EFFECTS OF PROLONGEED TOURNIQUET APPLICATION

Answer 17

HEMOLYSIS
HEMOCONCENTRATION
SHORTENED COOAGULATION TIME

Question 18

SOME SITE TO AVOID DURING VENIPUNCTURE

Answer 18

VEINS IN THE INNER WRIST
VEINS OF THE FEET
FISTULA
ARTERIES
Inflammous SITE
EDEMATOUS SITE

Question 19

SOME CAUSE OF SPX HEMOLYSIS

Answer 19

PROLONGED TOURNIQUET APPLICATION
MOISTURE/CONTAMINATION IN THE BLOOD COLLETION TUBE
USING NEEDLE WITH TOO SMALL. BORE
EXCESSIVE AGITATIOM
FROTHING OF THE BLOOD SAMPLE

Question 20

MOST COMMON. SKIN ANTISEPTIC

Answer 20

70% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Question 21

MOST COMMON NEEDLE SIZE FOR ADULTS
AND LENGTH

Answer 21

21 G
LENGTH OF 1 INCH

Question 22

MOST COMMON CAUSE OF A NEEDLE PUNCTURE FROM OTHER SHARP OBJECT IS ____

Answer 22

IMPROPER DISPOSAL

Question 23

MOST COMMONLY USED BLOD COLLECTION TUBE IN THE HEMA SECTION

Answer 23

EDTA (LAVENDER/PURPLE TOP)

Question 24

ANTICOAGULANT USED FOR HEMA DETERMINATION

Answer 24

K2 EDTA

Question 25

CBC IS ALSO CALLED

Answer 25

HEMOGRAM

Question 26

POSSIBLE CAUSES OF CLOTTED BLOOD SPECIMEN

Answer 26

DIFFICULT PHLEBOTOMY BLOD SAMPLE WAS NOT INVETED IN THE CORRECT NUMBER OF TIMES EEXPIRED BLOOD TUBE OVERFILLED TUBE

Question 27

OPTIMAL ANTICOAGULANT CONCENTRATION IS FOR EDTA

Answer 27

1.5 MG PER ML OF BLOOD

Question 28

BLOOD SPECIMENS FOR CBC MUST BE ANALYZED WITHIN (IF STORED IN ROOM TEMP)

Answer 28

6 HRS OF COLLECTION

Question 29

BLOOD SPECIMENS FORR CBC MUST BE ANALYZED WITHIN __ (STORED AT 4C)

Answer 29

24 HOURS

Question 30

PREFFERED ANTICOAGULANT FOR PLATELET COUNT

Answer 30

EDTA

Question 31

BLOOD. SMEAR SHOULD BE MADE WITHIN

Answer 31

3 HOURS OF COLLECTION

Question 32

WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF INSUFFICIENT EDTA

Answer 32

OVER FILLED TUBE

Question 33

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF INSUFFICIENT EDTA

Answer 33

PRESENCE OF CLOT

Question 34

WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF EXCESSIVE EDTA

Answer 34

UNDER-FILLED TUBE

Question 35

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF EXCESSIVE EDTA

Answer 35

FALSE LOW HCT, ESR, DEGENERATIVE WBC FALSE HIGH MCHC AND PLATELET COUNT

Question 36

FORMATION OF RING. SHAPED MOLECULAR COMPLEX N SHICH METAL ION IS COVALENTLY BOUND

Answer 36

CHELATION

Question 37

A PROCESS WHICH A CURRENT TEST RESULT IS COMPARED WITH THE RESULT OF THE SAME TEST FROM THE PREVIOUS SPECIMEN FROM THE SAME PATIENT

Answer 37

DELTA CHECK

Question 38

TEST BEING ORDERED AUTOMATICALLY BASED ON THE RESULT PRIOR TEST PF [RESET PARAMETERS

Answer 38

REFLEX TEST

Question 39

ANY NUMERICAL VALUE THAT DEPICTS AN ENTIRE POPULATION

Answer 39

PARAMETER

Question 40

USED FOR FLOW CYTOMETRY PLASMA CHEM DETECTION OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST

Answer 40

GREEN TOP (HEPARIN)

Question 41

OPTIMAL ANTICOAGULANT CONCENTRATION OF HEPARIN IS

Answer 41

15-20. UNITS PER ML OF BLOOD

Question 42

HEPARIN IS ANTICOAGULANT OF CHOICE FOR

Answer 42

BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST

Question 43

CAUSE THE LEAST INTERFERENCE IN CHEMISTRY TESTING

Answer 43

LITHIUM HEPARIN

Question 44

MOST WIDELY USED ANTICOAGULANT FOR PLASMA AND WHOLEE BLOOD CHEM

Answer 44

LITHIUM HEPARIN

Question 45

USED FOR COAG TEST

Answer 45

BLUE TOP (3.2% SODIUM CITRATE)

Question 46

HEPARIN CAN CUASE CELLULAR CLUMPING WHICH LEAD TO:

Answer 46

[SEUDOLEUKOCYTOSIS AND PSEUDOTHROMBOCYTOPENIA

Question 47

CRITICAL RATIO OF BETWEEN 3.2% SODIUM CITRATE AND BLOOD:

Answer 47

1:9.

Question 48

WHAT WILL BE THE CLOTTING TIMES YOU HAPPEN TO FORCEFUL MIXING OR NUMBER OF INVERSION

Answer 48

SHORTEN CLOTTING TIME

Question 49

ORDER OF DRAW FOR VENIPUNCTURE

Answer 49

BLOOD CULTURE TUBE (YELLOW) CITRATE TUBE (LIGHT BLUE TOP) SERUM TUBE (RED WITH OR WITHOUT ADDITIVE) HEPARINIZED TUBE (GREEN) EDTA (LAVENDER) SODIUM FLUORIDE (GRAY)

Question 50

NO OF INVERSION FOR YELLOW TOP C

Answer 50

8

Question 51

NO OF INVERSION FOR LIGHT BLUE TOP

Answer 51

3-4

Question 52

NO OF INVERSION FOR RED TOP (NON ADDITIVE)

Answer 52

0

Question 53

NO OF INVERSION FOR RED TOP (PLASTIC HAS CLOT ACTIVATOR)

Answer 53

5

Question 54

NO OF INVERSION FOR GREEN TOP

Answer 54

8

Question 55

NO OF INVERSION FOR PURPLE TOP

Answer 55

8

Question 56

NO OF INVERSION FOR GRAY TOP

Answer 56

8

Question 57

WHAT BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES AND ANTICOAGULANT USED FOR LEAD DETERMINATION

Answer 57

TAN K2 EDTA

Question 58

WHAT BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES AND ANTICOAGULANT USED FR TOXICOLOGY, NUTRITIONAL CHEM TRACE ELEMENT DETECTION

Answer 58

ROYAL BLUE TOP K2 EDTA

Question 59

WHAT BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES AND ANTICOAGULANT USED FOR MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

Answer 59

WHITE TOP K2 EDTA (WITH GEL)

Question 60

WHAT BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES AND ANTICOAGULANT USED FOR WESTERGREN ESR

Answer 60

BLACK TOP 3.8% SODIUM CITRATE

Question 61

WHAT BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES AND ANTICOAGULANT USED FOR BLOOD BANK TEST AND WHOLE BLOOD HEMA DET.

Answer 61

PINK TOP

Question 62

what are the cause of falsely high rbc

Answer 62

wbc >100,000, giant platelet cryglobulin, cryofibinogen,`

Question 63

what are the causes of falsely low rbc

Answer 63

cold agglutinins, autoagglutination, clotting, microcytsis, schistocytes, hemolysis invitro

Question 64

what are the causes of falsely high MCV

Answer 64

cold agglutinin autoagglutination high wbc (>50,000) old specimen hypersmolar state reduced RBC deformability

Question 65

what are the causes of falsely low mcv

Answer 65

cryoglobulin cryofibrinogen hemolysis (in vitro) swollen rbc giant platelets

Question 66

what are the causes of falsely high mchc

Answer 66

lipemia, icterus, chylomicron, high wbc (>50,000) spuriously high hb spuriously low rbc

Question 67

what are the causes of falsely low MCH

Answer 67

spuriously low hb, falsely high rbc

Question 68

what are the causes of falsely higch mchc

Answer 68

cold agglutinin autoagglutination hemolysis clotting spuriously high hb falsely low hct

Question 69

what are the causes of falsely low mchc

Answer 69

high wbc >50,000 spuriously high hct. falsely low hb

Question 70

what are the causes of falsely high hemoglobin

Answer 70

lipemia, icterus chylomicron lysis resistant rbc with abnormal hb WBC >20,000 platelet. >700 x109 parenteral nutrition hypergammaglobulinemia cyroglobin cryofibrinogen heparin hyperbilirubinemia hemolysis invitro

Question 71

what are the causes of falsely low hb

Answer 71

clotting

Question 72

what are the causes of falsely high hct

Answer 72

dehydration hemoconcentration iinsufficient centrifugation buffy coat inclusion hyponatrema plasma trapping

Question 73

what are the causes of falsely low hct

Answer 73

hemolysis, improper sealing of capillary tube increased anticoagulant concentration introductin of excess tissue fluid hypernatremia

Question 74

cause of falsely high WBC count

Answer 74

lysis resistant rbc with abnormal hb nucleated rbc cryoglobulin cryofibrinogen platelet clump giant platelets micromegakaryoblasts megakaryocyte fragements heparin monoclonal proteins

Question 75

falsely low wbc

Answer 75

leukemia leukoagglutnation clotting smudge cells

Question 76

causes of falsely low neutrophils

Answer 76

neutrophil aggregation neutrophil with hemosiderin granules

Question 77

causes of falsely high lymphocytes

Answer 77

nucleated rbc platelet clumping giant platelets malarial parasites hypolobulated neutrophils

Question 78

causes of falsely high monocytes

Answer 78

large reactive lymphocytes lymphoblast lymphoma cells immature granulocytes

Question 79

causes of falsely high eosinophil

Answer 79

neutrophil with hemosiderin granules red cells with malarial pigment

Question 80

what causes a falsely high platelet

Answer 80

leukemia rbc fragments microorganism cryoglobulin cryofibrinogen hemolysis (in vivo) hemolysis (in vitro) microcyte red cell red cell inclusion wbc fragments

Question 81

what cause the falsely low platelets

Answer 81

platelet clumps old specimen partial clotting giant platelets platelet satellitism cold agglutination clotting heparin

Question 82

what causes the false high mpv

Answer 82

old specimen determining the MPV too early on EDTA specimen