What is the primary purpose of California juvenile law?
To promote and protect the best interests of the child and to protect the public.
Are juvenile court proceedings considered criminal proceedings?
No, juvenile court proceedings are not ‘criminal’ proceedings.
What is the burden of proof for juveniles under the age of 14 regarding criminal intent?
The prosecution bears the burden of proving that a juvenile under age 14 knew the wrongfulness of his act by ‘clear and convincing evidence.’
What type of questionnaire do police agencies use to assess juveniles under 14?
Gladys R. questionnaire.
At what age are minors considered responsible for their actions in California juvenile law?
From age 14 through 17.
What is the Welfare and Institutions Code section that governs the classification of juveniles?
Sections 300, 601, and 602.
What does a ‘300’ minor refer to?
A dependent child of the court.
List two categories under which a minor can be classified as a ‘300’ minor.
- Suffered serious physical harm inflicted by parents
- Suffered serious emotional damage due to parental conduct.
What defines a ‘601’ minor?
A status offender who is habitually disobedient or truant.
What is one condition that qualifies a minor as a ‘601’?
Beyond the control of the minor’s parent, guardian, or custodian.
What is a ‘602’ minor characterized by?
A minor who has broken the law.
What does ‘law’ include for the classification of a ‘602’ minor?
Any law of this state or the United States, or any city or county ordinance that defines a crime.
Fill in the blank: Juveniles under the age of 14 are presumed _______ of criminal intent.
incapable
True or False: A juvenile who commits a crime will receive a criminal conviction.
False
What happens to minors 16 years and older who commit serious offenses?
They may be found unfit for juvenile court and transferred to adult court jurisdiction.
What is the standard of proof required for establishing a juvenile’s understanding of wrongfulness?
Clear and convincing evidence.
What is one possible outcome for a minor found violating a curfew law?
Released to a responsible adult.
What is one example of a status offense under Welfare and Institutions Code section 601?
Habitual truancy.
Name a condition that can lead to a minor being classified as a dependent child.
Serious physical harm inflicted intentionally by parents or guardians.
What risk does a ‘300’ minor face regarding sexual abuse?
Substantial risk of sexual abuse by a parent or guardian.
What is the age limit for a minor to be classified as a ‘300’ regarding severe physical abuse?
Under the age of five.
What is one legislative action regarding minors in curfew violation situations?
Permissible dispositions include taking the minor to the proper agency for shelter care.
What does the term ‘commercially exploited child’ refer to?
A child who is sexually trafficked or receives compensation for sexual acts.
