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Endo > Introduction, Instruments, Setup > Flashcards

Introduction, Instruments, Setup Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

What is endo

A

branch of dentistry dealing with morphology, physiology, and pathology of pulp and periapical tissues

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2
Q

At eruption, pulp chamber reflect external form of…

A

enamel

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3
Q

With time, what happens to pulp chamber?

A

steady readuction in size on all surfaces from secondary and tertiary dentin

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4
Q

What is a dead tooth?

A

extracted

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5
Q

doing RCT removes bacteria from what zone?

A

zone of infection

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6
Q

What are the 4 zones?

A

infection, contamination, irritation, stimulation

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7
Q

4 functions of dental pulp

A

FOrmation of dentin
defense of tooth (tertiary dentin)
nutrition of dentin
innervation of tooth

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8
Q

Odontoblasts secrete what?

A

type 1 collagen

Dentin matrix proteins (DPP DSP)

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9
Q

Dentin organic/inorganic/water comp

A

70% in
18%org
12%water

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10
Q

Primary, Secondary, Tert dentin?

A

1 - formed before eruption
2 - formed after eruption
3 - irritant to pulp

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11
Q

most numerous cell in pulp?

A

fibroblasts

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12
Q

Pulpal circulation is special because?

A
  1. terminal circulation
  2. enclosed - no space for swelling
  3. no collateral circulation
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13
Q

What types of nerve fibers are in the pulp?

A

A-delta and C

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14
Q 
A vs C fibers:
Myelin
Diameter
Central/Periph
Threshold for stimulation
Stimulation assoc with what?
A 
A:
Myelinated
Large
Peripheral
Low threshold
Stimulated without tissue dmg

C:
non-myelinated
small
central
high threshold
stimulated when dmg
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15
Q

Why do A-delta fibers have shorter survival time?

A

lower resistance to oxygen depletion

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16
Q

Hydrodynamic theory says dentinal fluids cause pressure changes where?

A

dentin, predentin, odontoblastic layer

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17
Q

5 Layers of pulp

A 
odontoblastic layer
cell free zone
cell rich zone
Plexus of Raschkow
Central Pulp Zone
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18
Q

predentin is?

A

newly formed dentin

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19
Q

Odontoblastic zone is what?

A

palisading layer of cells whose processes extend into tubules

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20
Q

Tree trunk appearance lines called what?

A

calciotraumatic

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21
Q

Cell free zone has high…

A

capillary density

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22
Q

C fibers present where?

A

Plexus of Raschkow and Central Pulp Zone

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23
Q

Venous drainage from teeth (3)

A

Pterygoid plexus, cavernous sinus, internal max. vein

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24
Q

What do neuropeptides do?

Study These Flashcards
A

role in neurogenic inflammation
control bloodflow
regulate later stages of repair

25
What neuropeptide produced in trigeminal nerves?
Substance P
26
Cascade of substance P?
c-fibers release --> mast cells release histamine --> increase vascular permability and BP in pulp
27
Substance P levels greatly increase when?
irreversible pulpitis or mechanical pulp exposure
28
Why are some pts more resistant to pain?
diff levels of substance P
29
What happens with mild pulpal irritation?
Slight increase in cellularity into cell-free zone, increase in capillaries
30
What happens in moderate pulpal irritation?
continued increased cellularity and capillaries, odontoblastic layer disrupted and nuclei displaced into tubules
31
What happens in severe pulpal irritation?
Abcess, necrosis, odontoblastic layer destroyed, predentin missing
32
What structure in dentin most permeable to entry into pulp?
dead tracts
33
Even before bacteria actually reach pulp, it is inflamed why?
bacterial toxins
34
When do irreversible inflammation insue (depth)
0.5mm remaining dentin
35
Has degree of pulpal inflammation been accurately correlated with... depth of dentin exposed? speed at which pulp reacts by creating reparative dentin?
no | yes
36
How does pulp resist inflammation?
laying down reparative dentin
37
Repeated irritation --> ?
irreversible
38
Correlation between pulpal status and clinical picture?
NO
39
Internal resorption is what and what causes it?
resorption of dentin from inside, linked to trauma
40
External resorption is what? LInked to what?
resorption of dentin from outside pulp, linked to trauma or ortho
41
When is a root canal necessary? (distance to pulp) (what kind of teeth) (consideration for crown)
1. 1mm from pulp 2. traumatized teeth 3. not enough tooth structure for crown
42
4 "main" instruments
1. mirro 2. explorer 3. locking pliers 4. spoon excavator
43
cold testing causes what movement in tubules? Should have response within how long?
outward, 15s
44
Does number in electronic pulp testing indicate level of inflamation/
no
45
Burs for access? Which for anterior/molar
2,4 round, 44C and F diamond 2 for ant 4 for molar
46
Which hand files do we use? Stands for? Made by twisting a? Used in what movement?
K files Kerr square 1/4 turn
47
ISO size colors:
``` Purple White Yellow Red Blue Green Black ``` starts from 10 goes up by 5
48
Diameter vs # of files?
a 10 files is 0.1mm at apex
49
What does taper mean?
for every millimeter up the file, the diameter increases by the amount of the taper
50
What orifice openers do we us?
gates glidden 4,3,2
51
Preflaring canals is good why?
gets a more accurate determination of working length
52
Profile series 29 sizes?
Red - 0.216 Blue - 0.279 Green - 0.360 Brown - 0.465
53
Landed vs Non-landed?
Landed are slower, safer, less aggressive Non-landed more prone to breaking
54
What is intracanal medicament? What do we use?
Kills bacteria in canals between visits | Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2
55
What does calcium hydroxide do?
pH raised to 12.5... 1. Cell membrane dmg 2. Protein denaturation 3. DNA dmg
56
Obturation phases of gutta percha?
115f/46C degrees transition from beta to alpha phase, amorphous at 130-140F/54-60C
57
What is the sealer made of?
Zinc oxide eugenol?
58
Sealer purpose?
fills in spaces around GP
59
Most commonly used temp material in endo is?How much needed for successful seal?
Cavit, need 3.5mm

Endo (9 decks)

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