Introduction to Exercise Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the difference between physical activity and exercise according to ACSM (2016)?
Physical activity is any body movement that uses skeletal muscles and increases energy expenditure above resting levels. Exercise is a type of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive with the goal of improving or maintaining physical fitness.
Define physical fitness as per ACSM (2016).
Physical fitness is the ability to participate in planned and unplanned tasks in daily life with vigour and alertness.
List the components of physical fitness according to ACSM (2016).
Endurance (cardiovascular and muscular), strength, flexibility, balance, power, speed, reaction time, agility, coordination.
What are the physiological effects of regular exercise on the brain?
Reduced anxiety and depression, increased memory and cognitive function, better sleep quality, and reduced age-related mental decline.
Name three cardiovascular and respiratory benefits of regular exercise.
Increased coronary blood flow, increased respiratory function, and reduced blood pressure.
What changes occur in the circulatory system due to regular exercise?
Reduced triglycerides, increased HDL, reduced LDL, reduced blood coagulation, improved endothelial function, and better insulin sensitivity.
According to NHS England, why is exercise considered powerful medicine?
Exercise is as effective as many medications and would be one of the most cost-effective ‘drugs’ if it were a pill.
What is the purpose of the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID)?
To improve national health, reduce health inequalities, and prevent non-communicable diseases through initiatives and public health campaigns.
What are the Chief Medical Officer’s recommendations for physical activity in adults?
Adults should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week, including activities to improve strength at least twice per week.
Why should every healthcare contact be seen as an opportunity to promote physical activity?
Because a third of adults are active less than 30 minutes a week, and many would become more active if advised by a healthcare professional. Exercise advice is a core part of physiotherapy.