Introduction to Exercise Flashcards

(10 cards)

1
Q

What is the difference between physical activity and exercise according to ACSM (2016)?

A

Physical activity is any body movement that uses skeletal muscles and increases energy expenditure above resting levels. Exercise is a type of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive with the goal of improving or maintaining physical fitness.

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2
Q

Define physical fitness as per ACSM (2016).

A

Physical fitness is the ability to participate in planned and unplanned tasks in daily life with vigour and alertness.

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3
Q

List the components of physical fitness according to ACSM (2016).

A

Endurance (cardiovascular and muscular), strength, flexibility, balance, power, speed, reaction time, agility, coordination.

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4
Q

What are the physiological effects of regular exercise on the brain?

A

Reduced anxiety and depression, increased memory and cognitive function, better sleep quality, and reduced age-related mental decline.

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5
Q

Name three cardiovascular and respiratory benefits of regular exercise.

A

Increased coronary blood flow, increased respiratory function, and reduced blood pressure.

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6
Q

What changes occur in the circulatory system due to regular exercise?

A

Reduced triglycerides, increased HDL, reduced LDL, reduced blood coagulation, improved endothelial function, and better insulin sensitivity.

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7
Q

According to NHS England, why is exercise considered powerful medicine?

A

Exercise is as effective as many medications and would be one of the most cost-effective ‘drugs’ if it were a pill.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID)?

A

To improve national health, reduce health inequalities, and prevent non-communicable diseases through initiatives and public health campaigns.

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9
Q

What are the Chief Medical Officer’s recommendations for physical activity in adults?

A

Adults should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week, including activities to improve strength at least twice per week.

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10
Q

Why should every healthcare contact be seen as an opportunity to promote physical activity?

A

Because a third of adults are active less than 30 minutes a week, and many would become more active if advised by a healthcare professional. Exercise advice is a core part of physiotherapy.

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