Pain Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the IASP’s 2020 definition of pain?
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage.
What are nociceptors?
Free nerve endings in the body that detect noxious stimuli and convey information to the central nervous system.
What are the four phases of nociception?
Transduction, Transmission, Perception, and Modulation.
Differentiate between Aδ and C fibres.
Aδ fibres are fast, myelinated, and transmit sharp, localised pain. C fibres are slow, unmyelinated, and transmit dull, diffuse pain.
What is hyperalgesia?
An increased sensitivity and response to a painful stimulus.
What is allodynia?
Pain resulting from a stimulus that normally would not provoke pain.
What is central sensitisation?
A heightened sensitivity of the CNS leading to chronic pain, where the pain outlives the original pathology.
What is Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia (EIH)?
A process where exercise activates endogenous opioid systems, reducing pain perception.
What is the Pain Gate Theory?
A theory by Melzack and Wall (1965) suggesting non-painful input can close the ‘gates’ to painful input in the spinal cord.
List some challenges in using exercise for pain management.
Choosing the right parameters (mode, frequency, intensity), accommodating individual factors, fear-avoidance, and ensuring patient motivation and education.
