Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PATHOLOGY > Introduction to General Pathology > Flashcards

Introduction to General Pathology Flashcards

(73 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Pathology

A

The Study of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

It is the branch of science that deals with all abnormalities of structure and functions.

A

Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pathology deals with what?

A

Pathology deals with all abnormalities of structure and functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It involves the study of cells, tissues, organs and body fluids, and is considered the link between basic sciences and clinical studies.

A

Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

It is the abnormal structural and functional changes that occur in the animal body during disease.

A

Lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is lesions?

A

The abnormal structural and functional changes that occur in the animal body during disease are called lesions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Literally, __________ is the search for and study of lesions.

A

pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In some cases, _________ may only be detectable by ___________, while others only through ________, and in some, through
_____________.

A

lesions
microscopy
biochemical
molecular methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lesions can be detect through what?

A

microscopy
biochemical
molecular methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

two major professional division of Pathology

A

Medical Pathology
Veterinary Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It is dedicated to the study of diseases in humans,

A

Medical Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is medical Patnology?

A

dedicated to the study of diseases in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

It dealt with all animal species.

A

Veterinary Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Veterinary Pathology?

A

Study of diseases with all animal species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Since veterinary pathology encompasses the disease of human species, it is known in some countries as _____________.

A

Comparative Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Two major divisions of Pathology

A

Anatomic Pathology
Clinical Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

It deals with the study of disease in cells, tissues and organs.

A

Anatomic Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It deals with body fluids and secretions.

A

Clinical Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

It is a traditional academic subdivision that deals with the study of the common denominators of disease, and the mechanisms of disease production.

A

General Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Essentially, it is a mechanism-oriented discipline in pathology.

A

General Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

It is another subdivision, deals with the study of specific diseases as they affect specific organs and organ system.

A

Systemic or Special Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

It deals with the study of tissue abnormalities using either gross examination or microscopic examination of sectioned materials, traditionally called histopathology.

A

Diagnostic Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

It is a gross examination or microscopic examination of sectioned materials, traditionally called ____________.

A

histopathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

It deals with biopsy materials, or those materials surgically sampled from living animals.

A

Surgical Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
It deals with the manipulation, analysis and experimental production of abnormalities, with an end in view of understanding the underlying mechanism in the development of disease.
Experimental Pathology
26
With the emergence of new techniques and knowledge that caters to the study of diseases, what are these new fields that emerge as specialties in pathology?
Immunopathology Toxicopathology Molecular pathology
27
To the ________, the object may be to identify the disease sufficiently to come up with a rational treatment.
clinician
28
For a ________, the object may include rationalization for the decision for a radical intervention.
surgeon
29
For an _________, to identify the causal associations between several factors and the disease.
epidemiologist
30
Study of disease for a __________ is the definition of the cause, the course and consequences of the disease, with particular emphasis to the morphologic and functional alterations associated with the disease.
pathologist
31
The study of disease processes may be approached in different ways?
• to recognize the disease entitiess in itself • understand the course and consequence of the disease
32
Understanding disease processes as they occur may include several levels of study. What are these?
organismal level systemic level ultra-structural
33
One may study it at the level of the whole animal where the disease is taken up as it affects the various parts and processes that make up the animal.
Organismal Level
34
It is to define the disease at the level of the organ system examining the disease and its effects on the various systems, or at the organ level as they occur in specific organs.
systemic level
35
In others, it may be defined at the tissue level, while others, at the cellular level.
Systemic level
36
Current levels include the definition of the disease at the sub cellular, biochemical, and molecular levels.
ultra-structural
37
Of vital importance among these “tools of the trade” is the ___________.
Observation of gross lesions during the conduct of necropsy (or autopsy) examination.
38
It is during __________ that the interrelationship of lesions found in one or more tissues, organs and systems could best be appreciated, and a mental picture of what actually occurred in the disease understood.
necropsy
39
Examples of labeled antibody probes
Fluorescein-labelled Immunoperoxidase probes
40
It is defined as that body condition resulting from defects, excesses, deficiencies, and injuries as they occur at the cell and tissue level that leads to clinically apparent signs of dysfunction.
disease
41
diseases affects what?
cells tissues organs systems
42
It deals with the evolution of a group of animals, therefore is a basic concern of students in veterinary pathology.
Phylogeny
43
common example is that of disease where only cloven-footed animals are affected (goat, sheep, cattle, and buffalo), which are deemed to be closely related in a phylogenetic scheme.
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)
44
Disease in animals is a complex interplay of three interacting factors. What are these 3 factors?
animal agent of the disease environment
45
Agent of disease (one of the factors)
biological physical chemical nutritional immunologic factors
46
Animal (one of the factors)
Breed Race Genetic Constitution Age Sex
47
Environment (one of the factors)
Temperature Humidity Air Quality
48
The _________ has great influence on the health of the animal, as well as the ___________.
environment agent of disease
49
As for __________, their pathogenicity, or the capacity to cause disease determine the level of damage to the host. Yet, the effect is partly determined by the host’s level of defense.
biologic agents
50
It is the capacity to cause disease.
pathogenicity
51
The developmental process from the culmination of the disease to its termination is called __________.
pathogenesis
52
With the disease process in progress, the alterations in the normal functions are called ____________.
pathophysiology
53
It is the conclusion derived from the study of the cause and pathogenesis of the disease, with an end in view of differentiating the disease in question from other diseases of similar manifestations.
diagnosis
54
Given the diagnosis for a particular disease, it is at most time sufficiently possible to more or less predict the probable outcome of such a disease, and this outcome is called the ___________ of the disease.
prognosis
55
It is the study of the cause of disease.
Etiology
56
It is required to understand the pathogenesis of a disease.
Etiology
57
It thus provides the precise cause of the disease.
aetiologic diagnosis
58
What are the four possible outcomes as disease processes started and progresses?
healing and recovery death functional deficit impasse
59
the damage caused by the agents of disease heal, and the damaged cells and tissues regenerated or repaired by connective tissue, and the functions restored.
Healing and recovery
60
In some cases, full restoration in structure and function are not possible, and thus the disease leaves impairment in either structure or function, or both.
Functional Deficit
61
It is the steady state where the agent cannot cause damage any further sufficiently to cause functional impairment or death, yet the animal body cannot eliminate the agent.
impasse
62
Animals several Defensive Mechanisms against biologic agents of disease.
Mechanical Anatomic Physiologic Immunologic defenses
63
It include those reflex reactions to presence of irritants on body surfaces.
Mechanical defense mechanisms
64
Example of a Mechanical Defense Mechanism
• sneezing and coughing • when an animal wags the tail to fend off flies and mosquitoes
65
It is which the animal protect itself from potential disease causing invaders.
Mechanical Defense Mechanism
66
It include those special zones in the animal body as the blood-brain barriers and placental barrier that selectively permit substances from reaching the brain and the developing fetus in gravid animals.
Anatomic barriers
67
Example of anatomic barriers/Anatomic Defense
blood-brain barriers and placental barrier
68
Example of Physiologic Defense
• the mantle of mucus in respiratory, digestive, and respiratory passageways offers protection from invading agents of diseases • sweat that cleanse off skin surfaces • tears in the eye • flushing action of urine
69
It is by which the body rid itself of offending agents, apart from the non-specific protections accorded by phagocytic cells (neutrophils and macrophages), and natural killer cells in the body.
Physiologic Defense
70
phagocytic cells
neutrophils and macrophages
71
Specific white blood cell lines, called _________, and reactive plasma proteins that are specifically directed towards offending agents of disease, accord __________.
lymphocytes immunologic defenses
72
Example of Immunologic Defenses
Lymphocytes and Reactive Plasma Proteins
73
Specific white blood cell lines
lymphocytes

PATHOLOGY (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions