Introduction to the Nervous system

Question 1

Structural divisions of the neurological system

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

Functional divisions of the nervous system

Answer 2

Somatic and autonomic

Question 3

What makes up the CNS?

Answer 3

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 4

What makes up the PNS?

Answer 4

Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 5

What does the somatic nervous system do?

Answer 5

Conveys info between CNS and extremities/body wall

Question 6

What does visceral nervous system do?

Answer 6

conveys info between CNS and blood vessels, glands, internal organs

Question 7

Where do sensory nerves originate from?

Answer 7

skeletal muscle, body wall/extremities, organs

Question 8

The Peripheral nervous system has two divisions. What are they?

Answer 8

the Sensory division and the motor division

Question 9

Explain the sensory pathway

Answer 9

afferent
Conveys somatic (skeletal) and visceral (organs) sensory info from receptors -> CNS

Question 10

Explain the divisions of the Motor division of the PNS

Answer 10

Autonomic and somatic

Question 11

Explain somatic nervous system

Answer 11

voluntary - somatic motor

CNS -> skeletal muscle

Question 12

Explain the two systems in the Autonomic nervous system

Answer 12

Sympathetic: fight or flight (thoracic-lumbar system)
Parasympathetic: rest & digest (cranio-sacral system)

Question 13

Autonomic nervous system pathway has ____ motor neuron(s)

Answer 13

2

Question 14

Somatic nervous system has ____ motor neuron(s)

Answer 14

1

Question 15

Describe a multipolar neuron

Answer 15

many dendrites -> cell body -> myelinated axon -> synapses with another neuron via NTs

Question 16

Describe a pseudounipolar neuron

Answer 16

one cell body located off to one side
Dendrites on CNS side called “central process”
Dendrites on sensory receptor side called “peripheral process”

Question 17

Describe a bipolar neuron

Answer 17

one centrally located cell body
Dendrites on special sensory neuron side
Dendrites on receptor side

Question 18

What is a ganglion/ganglia in PNS

Answer 18

collection of neuron cell bodies

Question 19

What is a ganglion/ganglia in CNS?

Answer 19

Nucleus/nuclei

Question 20

What is a bundle of neuron axons in the PNS called?

Answer 20

Nerves

Question 21

What is a bundle of neuron axons in the CNS called?

Answer 21

Tract

Question 22

Location of lateral horn in spinal cord

Answer 22

T1-L2 and S2-S4

Question 23

Afferent nerves transmit what?

Answer 23

Sensory
touch, pain/temperature

Question 24

Efferent nerves transmit what?

Answer 24

motor

Question 25

How many pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 25

31

Question 26

Cervical nerves C1-C7 exit _______ to their named vertebrae

Answer 26

SUPERIOR

Question 27

Cranial nerve C8 exits _____

Answer 27

inferior to C7

Question 28

All other spinal nerves exit _______ to their named vertebrae

Answer 28

INFERIOR

Question 29

Name the four basic fiber types

Answer 29

Afferent (sensory) Efferent (somatic motor) to skeletal muscle Pre-ganglionic sympathetic (visceral motor) to blood vessels & glands Post-Ganglionic sympathetic (visceral motor) to blood vessels and glands

Question 30

Nerves innervating skeletal muscle have (3) fiber types

Answer 30

1. Efferent ( motor) 2. Afferent (sensory) 3. Post-ganglionic sympathetic (visceral motor) to blood vessels and glands

Question 31

Nerves innervating the skin (cutaneous) or joints have (2) fiber types

Answer 31

1. Afferent (sensory) 2. Post-ganglionic sympathetic (visceral motor) to blood vessels and glands nerves innervating

Question 32

Dorsal root of SC carries what kind of info?

Answer 32

Sensory Touch, pain/temperature

Question 33

Ventral root of SC carries what kind of info?

Answer 33

Motor

Question 34

True spinal nerve contains what types of nerves?

Answer 34

sensory and motor

Question 35

Dorsal rami will remain ________ throughout the entire length of the spinal cord

Answer 35

segmental

Question 36

Dorsal rami carry motor, sensory, or both?

Answer 36

Both

Question 37

What does the dorsal rami innervate

Answer 37

skin, intrinsic back muscles, and vasculature

Question 38

Ventral rami may remain segmental or form a ______

Answer 38

plexus

Question 39

Ventral rami carry motor, sensory or both?

Answer 39

Both

Question 40

Ventral rami supply the…

Answer 40

skin, extrinsic back muscles, vasculature and muscles of the body wall and extremities

Question 41

A dermatome is a strip of skin supplied by sensory branches of ________ and _______ rami from ____ spinal cord level

Answer 41

dorsal Ventral One

Question 42

In the limbs, forbears from a single spinal cord level may be carried by several _______ _______ arising from a __________

Answer 42

peripheral nerves Plexus

Question 43

Cutaneous innervation is an area of ________ innervated by a __________ _________

Answer 43

skin Peripheral nerve

Question 44

Segmental innervation is a nerve from one spinal cord level _______ to a ________

Answer 44

proximal Plexus

Question 45

Myotome is a group of muscles innervated by a single _________ ________

Answer 45

spinal nerve