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Scapular region Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Osteology of the scapula:

A
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2
Q

Osteology of the Proximal Humerus and Articulation with the scapula

A
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3
Q

Glenohumeral joint type: ?

Unique characteristic: ____ ____ tendon travels through the joint + surrounded by ______ membrane

A

ball and socket joint; synovial joint;

Unique characteristic: biceps brachii tendon travels through the joint + surrounded by synovial membrane

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4
Q

Ball of the glenohumeral joint

A

Humeral head

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5
Q

Socket of the glenohumeral joint

A

concave glenoid fossa

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6
Q

Subacromial bursa location:

A

inferior to acromion process, coracoacromial ligament and deltoid

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7
Q

Subscapular bursa location:

A

between the tendon of the subscapularis and the neck of the scapula, protecting the tendon as it passes by the coracoid process and the neck of the scapula.

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7
Q

Bursa is continuous or not continuous with the GH joint?

A

Continuous with the cavity of the GH joint

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8
Q

Bursae of the glenohumeral joint:

A
  1. Subacromial bursa
  2. Subscapular bursa
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9
Q

Ligaments of the GH joint (6):

A
  1. Coracoacromial ligament
  2. Coracohumeral ligament
  3. Superior GH ligament
  4. Middle GH ligament
  5. Inferior GH ligament
  6. Transverse Humeral ligament
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10
Q

Function of GH joints:

A

Prevent excessive anterior translation of the humeral head.

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11
Q

Acromioclavicular joint: type + location?

A

Plane type; connects the clavicle + scapula

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12
Q

Sternoclavicular joint: type + location?

A

Saddle-type synovial joint; functions as a ball & socket to accommodate movements of scapula. Connects scapula + thorax

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13
Q

Glenohumeral Joint: type + location?

A

ball-and-socket; synovial; connects humeral head + glenoid cavity of scapula

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14
Q

Movements of GH joint?

A
  1. Flexion + Extension
  2. Abduction + Adduction
  3. Internal Rotation + External Rotation
  4. Circumduction
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15
Q

Scalpulothoracic Muscles (6): connect thorax + scapula

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Levator Scapulae
  3. Rhomboid major + minor
  4. Pectoralis Minor
  5. Serratus Anterior
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15
Q

Scalpulohumeral Muscles (6): connects scapula to humerus

A
  1. Teres Major
  2. Deltoid
  3. Infraspinatus
  4. Supraspinatus
  5. Teres Minor
  6. Subscalpularis
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16
Q

Identify this muscle

A

Serratus Anterior

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17
Q

Origin:
Insertion:
Action:
Innervation:

A

Origin: Ribs 1-8 →

Insertion: Anterior border of medial scapula

Action: Protraction & lateral rotation of scapula; holds scapula against thoracic wall

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) of ventral rami

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18
Q

Identify this muscle

A

Teres Major

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19
Q

Teres Major
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:
Innervation:

A

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus

Action: Adducts + medially rotates humerus

Innervation: lower Subscapular nerve (C5-C6)

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20
Q

Identify this muscle

A

Deltoid

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21
Q

Origin:
Insertion:
Action:
Innervation:

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Lateral 3rd of clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Action: Abduct humerus after first 15°
Flexion and medial rotation, extension
+ lateral rotation

Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

22
Q

Identify this muscle

Study These Flashcards
A

Infraspinatus

23
Origin: Insertion: Action: Innervation:
Origin: Infraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: External rotation, tonic contraction stabilizes the GH joint Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
24
Identify this muscle:
Supraspinatus
25
Origin: Insertion: Action: Innervation:
Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: Initiates abduction (0-15°) Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
26
Identify this muscle
Teres Minor
27
Origin: Insertion: Action: Innervation:
Origin: Lateral scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: External rotation, tonic contraction stabilizes the GH joint Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
28
Identify this muscle
Subscalpularis
29
Origin: Insertion: Action: Innervation:
Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle Action: Internal rotation Innervation: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerves (C5-C6)
30
Quadrangular space borders:
1. Teres minor 2. Teres major 3. Long head of triceps 4. Lateral head triceps
31
Triangular space:
teres minor, Teres major, Long head of triceps
32
Triangular interval
Teres major, Long head of triceps, lateral head of triceps
33
Quadrangular space contents:
Axillary nerve, Posterior humeral circumflex artery
34
Triangular space contents:
Circumflex scapular artery
35
Triangular interval contents:
Radial nerve, Deep brachial artery
36
Follow the anastomosis pathway from the Dorsal scapular artery to the axillary artery. (Hint: Subclavian --> Dorsal Scapular A.)
Subclavian --> Dorsal Scapular A. --> Circumflex Scapular Artery OR Thoracodorsal Artery --> SUBSCAPULAR Artery --> Axillary Artery
37
Follow the anastomosis pathway from the Suprascapular artery to the Axillary artery. (Hint: Subclavian --> Thyrocervical trunk)
Subclavian --> Thyrocervical trunk --> suprascapular A. --> Circumflex scapular A. --> sub scapular A. --> Axillary A.
38
Cause of shoulder impingement:
Inflammation and calcification of the subacromial bursa (calcific scapulohumeral bursitis)
39
Characteristic pain
pain during 50-130 degrees of abduction
40
Explain what causes the pain associated with shoulder impingement
Tendon of supraspinatus AND the acromion compresses the subacromial bursa
41
cause of GH joint anterior dislocation:
cause of GH joint anterior dislocation: Excessive extension and lateral rotation of the humerus OR forceful blow to the posterior shoulder of an abducted humerus
42
cause of GH joint anterior dislocation: in simple terms
humeral head is displaced from glenoid cavity
43
Clinical implications of GH joint anterior dislocation:
Damage to axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
44
Shoulder separation cause:
Separation of the acromioclavicular joint as a result of a downward force being applied to the superior part of the acromion
45
Three types: - Torn AC ligament - Torn AC w/ separation - Torn AC, trapezoid and conoid ligaments w. separation
46
Is shoulder separation a dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?
Shoulder separation is NOT a dislocation of the glenohumeral joint
47
most common tendon tear associated with rotator cuff tears
supraspinatus most common tendon tear
48
Characteristic pain of rotator cuff tear
pain when arm is overhead and weakness
49
How is rotator cuff tear tested for supraspinatus
drop arm test: abduct arm fully, lower arm slowly w. control After, 90degrees the arm will drop more quickly than the unaffected side
50
Cause: ___ part of tubercle is torn away d/t a fall onto the ____ OR fall on the hand when arm is ______
Small part of tubercle is torn away d/t a fall onto the acromion OR fall on the hand when arm is abducted
51
Characteristic: Arm is pulled ____ by muscles still attached (_____)
Arm is pulled medially by muscles still attached (subscapularis)
52
Cause of axillary nerve injury
May be compressed d/t an anteroinferior shoulder dislocation
53
Characteristic: Inability to ____ arm to or ____ horizontal (_____ muscle compromised) Sensory loss on _______ aspect of ____
Inability to abduct arm to or above horizontal (deltoid muscle compromised) Sensory loss on superolateral aspect of arm
54
Axillary nerve injury
55
Nerves of the scapular region: List the (3)
1. Axillary nerve (C5-C6) 2. Upper sub scapular nerve (C5-C6) 3. Lower sub scapular nerve (C5-C6)

Anatomy (22 decks)

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