Define ionic bond.
A chemical bond formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
What type of elements typically form ionic bonds?
Metals and nonmetals usually form ionic bonds.
True or false: Ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.
TRUE
Ionic compounds form crystalline structures, making them solid at room temperature.
Fill in the blank: Cations are _______ charged ions.
positively
Fill in the blank: Anions are _______ charged ions.
negatively
What is the result of electron transfer in ionic bonding?
It creates cations and anions that attract each other.
Define lattice energy.
The energy released when gaseous ions form an ionic solid.
What is the octet rule?
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.
True or false: Ionic compounds conduct electricity in solid form.
FALSE
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted.
What is a formula unit?
The simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound.
Define electronegativity.
The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.
Fill in the blank: NaCl is an example of an _______ compound.
ionic
What is the significance of ionization energy?
It is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
True or false: Ionic bonds are generally weaker than covalent bonds.
FALSE
Ionic bonds are typically stronger due to the electrostatic forces between ions.
What happens to ionic compounds when dissolved in water?
They dissociate into their constituent ions.
Define solubility in the context of ionic compounds.
The ability of an ionic compound to dissolve in water.
Fill in the blank: Calcium chloride is used for _______ in de-icing roads.
melting ice
What is the crystal lattice structure?
A three-dimensional arrangement of ions in an ionic compound.
True or false: Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
TRUE
The strong attractions between ions require significant energy to break.
What is the role of charge balance in ionic compounds?
The total positive charge must equal the total negative charge.
Fill in the blank: Magnesium oxide consists of Mg²⁺ and _______ ions.
O²⁻
Define polyatomic ion.
An ion composed of two or more atoms bonded together that carries a charge.
What is the formula for sodium sulfate?
Na₂SO₄
True or false: Ionic compounds are usually poor conductors of heat.
TRUE
The rigid structure of ionic compounds limits heat transfer.
