Plant Hormones L1/2

Question 1

Plants can detect sunlight…

Answer 1

in order to move towards the sun and maximise the amount of sunlight they’re getting.

Question 2

Plants can also detect gravity…

Answer 2

in order to grow their roots and reach as much water as possible.

Question 3

Plants can also detect touch…

Answer 3

in order to grow around something.

Question 4

Plants do not have a nervous system and their endocrine system acts…

Answer 4

LOCALLY

Question 5

___________ control growth and are produced at the _________ and ___________

Answer 5

Auxins/ tips/ roots

Question 6

Where do auxins always accumalate?

Answer 6

on the shaded side of shoots/ on the underside of roots

Question 7

Shoots are positively ____________ so they grow towards the ______

Answer 7

phototrophic/ light

Question 8

Shoots are negatively __________ so they grow away from ________

Answer 8

geotrophic/ gravity or the ground

Question 9

Roots are _________ phototrophic and __________ geotrophic

Answer 9

negatively/ positively

Question 10

What are the three plant hormones that are used in industry?

Answer 10

1. Auxins
2. Gibberellin
3. Ethene

Question 11

How are auxins used in industry?

Answer 11

1. stimulate plants to grow - applied to tissue cultures, like cuttings or cells so that they grow into plants.
2. used in weedkillers

Question 12

How are auxins useful in weedkillers?

Answer 12

When provided in excess, they cause overgrowth, and the weed’s growth pattern is disrupted causing it to die.

Question 13

How is Gibberellin used? controlling dormancy

Answer 13

Dormancy is the period before growth that the seed is inactive and cannot grow, since the conditions are not perfect yet.

Gibberellin counteracts this, and stimulates germination (growth of seed).

This means that farmers can use gibberellin to induce germination - multiple crops can be farmed over a year, and all crops can be controlled to start growing at the same time.

Question 14

How is Gibberellin used? inducing flowering/ fruit

Answer 14

Normally requires certain conditions.

Gibberellin allows for more and bigger flowers.

Bigger fruit

Question 15

How is ethene used?

Answer 15

stimulates and enzyme, which causes the fruit to ripen.

thus, ethene controls the ripening process of fruit.

most plants naturally produce their own ethene.

Question 16

How is ethene used in the transport of fruit?

Answer 16

Ethene stimulates fruit to ripen

Fruit is picked unripe so that it’s still hard…

… which means it isn’t damaged during transport or storage

Ethene can then be used to ripen the fruit so that it’s soft for consumers