Joints and Cartilage Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are features of Hyaline cartilage
Most abundant but weakest cartilage type
Smooth surface for glide ,flexibility and support at synovial joints
Articular cartilage tachea bronchi epiphyseal plates
What are features of elastic cartilage
Specalized tissue with elastic fibers
Strength and elasticity to maintain structure shape
Flexible but maintain shape and structure after applying force
What are the features of fibrocartilage
Durbable shock-absorber high amount of collage
Joint support and cushioning
Intervertebral disc
What are the most prevalent cartilage types in the musculoskeletal system
Hyaline
Fibro
What are chondrocytes
Cells creating cartilage
What is hylaine cartilage alternative name and why
Articular cartilage because it is found primarly on the ends of articulating bones within synovial joints
Where else is hyaline cartilage found
In synchondrosis joints
What does viscoelastic tissue do
Viscosity connective issue is thickness of a fluid it distributes load over a wider area to decrease stress on joint surfaces
Also smooth surface and reduces friction absorbs forces but makes it pliable and relatively weak
What does avascular mean
No blood supply lymph channels or nerve supply doesn’t receive nutrients form the blood
What are femoral condyles
Covered in hyaline cartilage
What are the structures of joint capsule
Synovial membrane which is filled with synovial fluid
Superfical where the force distribution is
Middle is fluid storage
Deep is the bony connection
What happens when body weight is apllied
Squeeze fluid out of the hylain joint and when it is realised fresh fluis with nutrients rushes in
What is interstitial fluid
60-80% water containing lipids and electrolytes supply the actual tissue
What is osteoarthritis
- Most common type of arthritis
- Gradual loss of cartilage from wear and tear
Common cause of hip and knee replacements
It is a loss of hyaline cartilage from wear and tear bone on bone forces
What is rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimune diease
Inflammation of synovial cavity and cartilage decreases mobility over time
Eventually cartilage degrades (nutrient exchange issues) exposing bone ends
Fibrous tissue infiltration (fuses joint)
Which type is more likely to be found in more than one joint
Rhematoid arthritis
What is fibrocartilage
Essentially, hyaline cartilage + dense connective tissue and used in joint elements that design to added stability or cushing to a synovial joint
What type of collagen is in fibrocartilage
Type 1 and type 2
What kind of structure does fibrocartilage create
Disc-like structures within joints to increase their stability
What does the lateral and medial menisci do
stablizes the knee joint
What is biaxial of a synovial joint
Moves in two planes gliding condyloid and saddle
What is uniaxial
Moves in one plane pivot or hinge
What is multiaxial
Has a huge range of motion is a ball and socket joint
What are extracapsular ligaments and intracapsular ligaments
Extra are on the outside and intra are on the inside
Increase stability limit movement
