joints and ligaments

Question 1

ligaments of sacroiliac joint

Answer 1

• anterior sacroiliac
• interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
• sacrospinous ligament
• sacrotuberous ligament

Question 2

anterior sacroiliac ligament

Answer 2

• anterior part of fibrous synovial capsule to auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium

Question 3

interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments

Answer 3

• from tuberosity and posterior surface of sacrum to tuberosity of ilium
  
  • • transfer body weight from sacrum to hips

Question 4

parts of sacroiliac joint

Answer 4

• anterior synovial joint

- posterior syndesmosis

Question 5

anterior synovial joint of sacroiliac

Answer 5

• auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium

Question 6

posterior syndesmosis

Answer 6

• sacral tuberosity to iliac tuberosity

- interosseous and posterior sacroiliac fibers are the syndesmosis

Question 7

movements of sacroiliac joint

Answer 7

• nutation/counternutation

Question 8

sacrospinous ligament

Answer 8

• from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine
• prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)

Question 9

sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 9

• from posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to ischial tuberosity
• prevents excessive anterior rotation (nutation of sacrum)

Question 10

pubic symphysis

Answer 10

• secondary cartilaginous
• fibrocartilage interpubic disc
• articulation of 2 symphysial surfaces of pubic bones with fibrocartilage disc
• movement: none except during childbirth

Question 11

sacrococcygeal symphysis

Answer 11

• secondary cartilaginous joint with an intervertebral disc
• apex of sacrum with base of coccyx
• movement: none except during childbirth (coccyx moves posteriorly)

Question 12

hip joint

Answer 12

• ball and socket
• articular surface of acetabulum with head of femur
• movement:
  
  • flexion/extension
  • abduction/adduction
  • circumduction
  • rotation

Question 13

ligaments of hip joint

Answer 13

• iliofemoral
• pubofemoral
• ischiofemoral

Question 14

iliofemoral ligament

Answer 14

• located anterior and superior to joint

- attaches from acetabular rim of ilium to intertrochanteric line

Question 15

pubofemoral ligament

Answer 15

• located anterior and inferior to joint

- attaches from superior rams of pubic bone to joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament

Question 16

ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 16

• located posterior to joint

- attaches from acetabular rim of ischium to femoral neck

Question 17

knee joint articulations

Answer 17

• 2 femorotibial: medial femoral condyle with medial tibial condyle; lateral femoral condyle with lateral tibial condyle
• 1 femoropatellar: patellar groove of femur with articular surface of patella

Question 18

movement of femorotibial articulation

Answer 18

• flexion/extension

- slight rotation during locking/unlocking

Question 19

movement of femoropatellar articulation

Answer 19

• gliding

Question 20

ligaments of knee joint

Answer 20

• ACL
• PCL
• MCL
• LCL

Question 21

ACL

Answer 21

• from anterior intercondylar area of tibia to posterior intercondylar area of femur

Question 22

PCL

Answer 22

• from posterior intercondylar area of tibia to anterior intercondylar area of femur

Question 23

MCL

Answer 23

• from medial epicondyle of femur to tibia inferior to medial condyle
• attaches to medial meniscus

Question 24

LCL

Answer 24

• from lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

- does NOT attach to lateral meniscus

Question 25

tibiotalar joints

Answer 25

- superior tibfib joint | - tibiotalar syndesmosis

Question 26

superior tibfib joint

Answer 26

- head of fibular with lateral condyle of tibia | - very little movement

Question 27

tibiotalar syndesmosis

Answer 27

- interosseous membrane connects shaft of tibia and fibula - distal end of fibula with fibular notch of tibia - slight movement during wedging of talus during dorsiflexion

Question 28

ankle joint

Answer 28

- distal ends of tibia and fibula with talus | - dorsiflexion, plantarflexion

Question 29

talocalcaneal joint

Answer 29

- talus and calcaneus - slight gliding with dorsiflexion/plantarflexion - gliding with eversion/inversion

Question 30

transverse tarsal joints

Answer 30

- calcaneocubiond - talonavicular (acts like ball and socket) - slight gliding during inversion/eversion, dorsiflexion/plantarflexion

Question 31

cuneonavicular joint

Answer 31

- 3 cuneiforms with navicular | - very little movement

Question 32

tarsometatarsal joints

Answer 32

- bases of metatarsals with cuneiforms or cuboid | - very little movement

Question 33

MTP joints

Answer 33

- head of metatarsals with bases of proximal phalanges - flexion/extension - adduction/abduction - circumduction

Question 34

IP joints

Answer 34

- head of proximal phalanges with base of middle (2-5) or distal (1) phalanges - head of middle phalanges with base of distal phalanges (2-5) - flexion/extension

Question 35

lateral ligaments of ankle

Answer 35

- calcaneonavicular - anterior talofibular - posterior talofibular

Question 36

medial ligaments of ankle

Answer 36

- anterior and posterior tibiotalar - tibiocalcaneal - tibionavicular

Question 37

ligaments of foot

Answer 37

- long plantar: long calcaneocubiod; superficial long plantar (calcaneus to bases of metatarsals 2-4) - short plantar: plantar calcaneocuboid - spring ligament: planar calcaneonavicular