keywords

Question 1

hypocentre/focus

Answer 1

where pressure is released

Question 2

epicentre

Answer 2

point on surface above focus

Question 3

fault

Answer 3

where pressure becomes too much and rock fractures along cracks

Question 4

paleomagnetism

Answer 4

study of earths past magnetic fileds in rocks

as magma cools/solidifes at mid ocean ridges, iron containing minerals align with earths magnetic field and these fields change over time

-when magma cools and iron aligns - magnetic field reverses (N and S poles swap) = creates pattern, giving proof that sea floor spreading is occuring over time

Question 5

sea floor spreading

Answer 5

new oceanic crust is formed at mid ocean ridges by magma rising

Question 6

slab pull

Answer 6

as oceanic crust cools, it becomes thicker and gravity forces lithosphere down into subduction zone = as it sinks, it drags plate with it

Question 7

intra plate earthquakes

Answer 7

ancient fault lines being reactivated by tectonic stress e.g. minor earthquake

Question 8

natural hazard

Answer 8

naturally occurring event with the potential to cause harm

Question 9

natural disaster

Answer 9

when a natural hazard results in actual damage, loss of life, or significant disruption to a community or society

Question 10

how to calculate risk

Answer 10

hazard (H) x Vulnerability (V)
capacity to cope (C)

Question 11

resilience

Answer 11

ability to protect lives, livelihoods, and infrastructure from destruction and to restore areas after a natural hazard has occured

Question 12

Vulnerability

Answer 12

ability to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from a natural hazard