mt merapi indonesia 2010 Flashcards
(8 cards)
location
-composite volcano on island of Java
-Merapi one of most densely populated areas on Java with over 11,000 living on slopes of mountain, mainly farmers
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causes
-indo australian palte subducted beneath eurasian plate
-destructive
- 2010 tilt increased, increased earthquake activity and white plumes of smoke rising above crater
-erupted from october till november
primary
-pyroclastic flow 3km down sides
-volcanic bombs and heat clouds up to 800C spread over 10km
-volcanic ash fell up to 30km away and travelled 6km into sky
-Bronggang 15km from volcano buried under 30cm ash
-sulphur dioxide blown across indonesia to australia
secondary
-ash clouds disrupted aviation
-roads blocked with cars as residents tried to flee
-vegetable prices increased from damaged crops
-350,000 people in area had to flee
-heavy rain caused lahars, destroying towns and bridges
-schools closed
positive long term
-ash cause more fertile soil
-new data from eruption enabled hazard mapping to be updated and used to set up exclusion zone around volcano
negative long term
-353 killed
-577 injured
-350,000 homeless
-farmers lost livelihoods
-overcrowded evacuation centres led to poor sanitation, no privacy and serious risk of disease
short term response
-210 evacuation zones in schools, churches, stadiums
-exlcusion zone fo 20km
-Indonesian Disaster Management Agency mobilised volunteers, military, and police to spread info, rescue survivors, control traffic, set up makeshift hospitals, and kitchens
-International aid offered from govs and NGO’s
long term response
-2682 moved to new safer housing permanently
-gov gave money to farmers to replace livestock
-gov set up special task force to support affected people
-ongoing exlusion zone of 2.5km
-dams built in valleys to stop lahars
-improved prediction measures and evacuation procedures
