PAR model

Question 1

what does it stand for and what do countries use it for

Answer 1

pressure and release model

• to work out how vulnerable a country is to a natural hazard

Question 2

diagram

Answer 2

root causes - dynamic pressure - unsafe conditions = DISASTER = natural hazards

-first 3 are progression of vulnerability

Question 3

examples of root causes

Answer 3

-limited access to power, structures, resources
-ideologies e.g. political and economic systems

Question 4

examples of dynamic presssures

Answer 4

-lack of training, press freedom, local investment
-rapid population change
-rapid urbanisation
-deforestation (landslides)

Question 5

examples of unsafe conditions

Answer 5

-physical environment
-local economy
-social relations
-public actions

Question 6

example of par model in haiti

Answer 6

root cause = corruption, poor economy, 80% below poverty line, poor infrastructure

dynamic pressures = lack of disaster planning and building maintenance, lack of training, lack of urban planning, rapid urbanisation, deforestation

unsafe conditions = poor building quality, people unsure how to act, soft soil many buildings were on amplified seismic waves, before earthquake 39% access to safe water and 24% to sanitation