Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

RA often presents with _____ deformity.

A

valgus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is surgical tx for knee RA?

A

synovectomy

arthroplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which is more common at the knee, RA or OA?

A

OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Role of ACL?

A

prevent anterior translation of tibia on femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Role of PCL?

A

prevent posterior translation of tibia on femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

OA often presents with _____ deformity.

A

varus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ages have higher incidence of OA?

A

> 50 ya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

OA at the knee results in loss of _____ joint space. Leads to:

A

medial

severe genu varus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pharma and Nutri management of OA?

A 
NSAIDS
OTC analgesics
acetominophen
chondrointin sulfate
glucosamine sulfate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Surgical management of knee OA?

A
  1. arthroplasty (most common)
  2. osteotomy (corrects deformity)
  3. Osteochondral autograft
  4. autologous chondrocyte implantation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hyalgan, synvisc, orthovisc, euflexxa are examples of:

A

visco-supplementaion injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is unconstrained knee arthroplasty?

A

spares PCL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is constrained knee arthroplasty? When is it used?

A

removes PCL and has mechanical link for stability

used when there is poor ligamentous support or as a revision for a failed TKR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When would unicondylar replacement be selected?

A

when most of joint destruction is limited to one side (usually medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When is osteochondral autograft used?

A

used with small lesions 1-1.5 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TKR post-op concerns?

A 
infection
DVT
wound healing
terminal extension
functional motion for stairs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe what happens with high tibial osteotomy for medial compartment OA:

A

remove lateral wedge
realign jt surface
NWB for 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe what happens with an osteochondral autograft:

A

small piece of bone articular cartilage is moved from NWB area onto WB area (NWB for 6 weeks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is high tibial osteotomy used?

A

used mostly with younger patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tibial plateau fx are more prevalent on the ____ side.

A

Lateral (80%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tibial plateau fx often involve which ligament?

A

MCL (needs to be controlled with motion brace set at 45 degrees)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lateral tibial plateau fx is secondary to:

A

valgus force with compression and knee in flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a common mechanism of injury for patella fx?

A

direct blow or traction from a quad injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Patella alta ratio:

A

> 1:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Patella balta ratio:
< 1:1
26
Osteochonditiris dessicans is usually a result of:
osteochondral fx | usually lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
27
What are degenerative changes related to patellar dsyfxn?
softening and erosion of patellar articular cartilage | significant pain and crepitus under patella with motion
28
How is patellar degeneration treated?
arthrospopic debridement OR replacement of undersurface of patella
29
Lateral tracking dysfxn signs and symptoms?
anterior knee pain worse with sitting, stairs, cycling crepitus more common in women may be related to Q angle, pronated feet
30
Which gender more commonly experiences patellar subluxation?
females
31
Patella more often dislocates/subluxes in which direction?
dislocates/subluxes laterally
32
What is the clinical sign for patellar sublux?
apprehension test
33
What is the Tx for patellar sublux?
closed reduction, braced in extension for 2-3 wks
34
When does patellar sublux most often?
planted foot and ER of femur with strong quad contraction
35
Osgood Schlatter disease is described as:
traction apophysitis of patellar tendon at tibial tubercle
36
Osgood Schlatter disease usually occurs in
adolescents
37
Osgood Schlatter disease signs and treatment?
pain with activity may see lump on anterior tibia treat by restricting vigorous activity until healed
38
Name the injury: | Anterior knee pain and edema that is worse with resistance to knee extension is.
Patellar tendinitis
39
Name the injury: | Often secondary to forceful quad contraction when knee is in flexed position with potential for myositis ossificans.
quad rupture
40
Name the injury: | Tendon irritation over lateral femoral condyle.
ITB friction syndrome
41
Medial: Lateral meniscal injury incidence?
9:1
42
Medial meniscus injury associated with:
MCL and ACL injury
43
Lateral meniscus injury associated with:
cyst - must be fully removed
44
Meniscal injury clinical test
McMurray
45
Meniscal signs?
``` pain edema/effusion locking clicking restricted motion ```
46
Management of meniscal injuries:
1. menisectomy (partial arthroscopic excision of fragment) | 2. repair (if tear is in "red zone" where there is enough vascularity for healing)
47
What is synovial plica?
folds of remnants of embryonic synovial tissue in the knee
48
Signs and symptoms of plica?
pain with prolonged knee flexion, sitting | clicking/locking
49
How is plica treated?
arthroscopic removal
50
Name the components of the unhappy triad:
Medial collateral ligament medial meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament (requires surgery to promote stability)
51
Which has greater incidence of injury, MCL or LCL?
MCL
52
MCL and LCL injury Sxs:
pain | giving way/frank instability
53
Clinical tests for MCL/LCL:
valgus and varus stress tests
54
1st degree collateral injury Tx:
RICE | support 1-2 wks
55
2nd degree collateral injury Tx:
RICE immobilize 2-3 wks assistive device for WB
56
3rd degree collateral injury Tx:
Full tear Requires reconstruction (may be arthroscopic) Controlled motion bracing Assistive device
57
ACL mechanism of injury:
valgus/ER force with foot planted OR excessive IR
58
PCL mechanism of injury:
anteromedial blow to flexed knee or fall onto knee
59
Cruciate ligament tests?
lachman | drawer signs
60
What are Sxs of cruciate ligament injury?
pain effusion single plane OR rotary instability
61
Describe surgical reconstruction for ACL:
1. mid 1/3 patellar tendon (bone-tendon bone graft) 2. hamstring graft 3. augmentation with allograft (less common)
62
Name some rehab issues for ACL reconstruction:
1. minimize immobility effects w/out overloading soft tissues 2. graft is strongest right after operation, then gets avascular and necrotic 3. revascularization of the graft at 8-10 wks 4. up to 1 year to remodel and become dense mature ligament
63
Rehab principles for ACL reconstruction:
1. early: closed chain exercises better 2. limit open chain knee extension 3. achieve early full AROM
64
Pre-patellar bursitis, AKA?
"housmaid's knee"
65
Infra-patella bursitis, AKA?
"clergyman's knee"
66
What are the 4 common busae of the knee?
1. pre-patellar 2. infra-patellar 3. pes anserine (just distal to medial joint) 4. popliteal
67
GIVING WAY is a symptom that may be associated with which injuries?
ligament injury meniscal injury patellar dislocation quad inhibition
68
LOCKING is a symptom that may be associated with which injuries?
meniscal injury synovial plica osteochondritis dessicans

Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions