L1 Flashcards
what is the scientific method
determined what can be studied by science and how it should be studied
what are the steps of the scientific method (5)
observation
hypothesis
experiment/observations
conclusion
scientific theory
what is experimental design
well designed experiences that could be good for your hypothesis or bad for it
whats a unique thing about a hypothesis
it needs to be able to be proved or disproved
what does the conclusion tell you
whether or not your hypothesis is valid
it will accept or reject your hypothesis
what are variables
considerable things
what are controlled variables
the things in the experiment that do not change
ie: the size of the paper, the weight of the paper
what is an independent variable
what is being altered in the experiment
ex, the fold of the paper in a paper airplane
what is the dependant variable
what is being observed in the experiment
it should be a response to the independent variable
ex. how long the plane flies
what are positive controls
an experimental treatment which will give the desired result
what is the negative control
an experimental treatment which will not give the desired result
what are negative and positive controls
experimental controls
what is a false positive
results seen in negative control
detecting something that is not actually there
ex. old man being diagnosed as being pregnant
what type of error is false positive
type 1
what is false negative
positive control doesn’t work (desired result is not given)
not detecting something that is clearly there
what type of error is false negative
type II
what are some examples of subject biases
believing something/ doing something to get credit
cheaper experiment
wanting to be correct
what is a qualitative test
example is emotions - they can’t be quantitive (can’t be measured)
what is a quantitative test
a measurable response - amount of something
what is correlation
when both a and b change in an experiment but the link between them is not there - there is no relation between them
what is causation
a purposeful relation
what is junk science
science that doesn’t follow scientific methods
fake conclusions
what is sensitivity
minimum amount of X needed to record a positive result
(the ability of a test to correctly identify positive cases)
what is specificity
a positive result only comes from a truly positive sample
(the ability of a test to correctly identify negative cases)
