L14 Intro to Nervous System

Question 1

What is the importance of nervous system?

Answer 1

Help maintain the homeostasis of the human body

Question 2

What is the nervous system grouped as?

Answer 2

CNS ( consists of brain and spinal cord )
PNS ( consisting of all the nerves outside brain and spinal cord )

Question 3

Brain consists of _________, _________,_________,________.

Answer 3

Cerebrum ( 2 hemispheres )
Diencephalon ( thalamus & hypothalamus )
Brain stem ( midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata )
Cerebellum

Question 4

Spine consists of ____________.

Answer 4

Spinal Cord

Question 5

Function of cerebrum

Answer 5

-Conscious thought processes
-Memory storage and processing
-Conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions

Question 6

Function of Thalamus

Answer 6

Relays and processes sensory information

Question 7

Function of Hypothalamus

Answer 7

-Controls emotions,autonomic functions and hormone production

Question 8

Function of Midbrain

Answer 8

-Processes visual and auditory data
-Generates somatic motor responses
-Maintains consciousness

Question 9

Function of Pons

Answer 9

-Relay sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus

Question 10

Functions of Medulla Oblongata

Answer 10

-Relays sensory information to thalamus and other portions of brainstem
-Controls autonomic functions ( respiratory, digestive )

Question 11

Function of Cerebellum

Answer 11

-Coordinates complex somatic motor movements

Question 11

The cerebrum is the ________ component of the brain. Divides into ______ and ______ hemispheres

Answer 11

largest
right, left

Question 11

The ___________ is the collection of white matter fibers that joins the 2 hemispheres.

Answer 11

corpus callosum

Question 12

What is the function of frontal lobe?

Answer 12

motor area involved in movement, planning & coordinating behaviour

Question 13

What is the function of parietal lobe?

Answer 13

sensory perception, processing and language

Question 14

What is the function of temporal lobe?

Answer 14

auditory perception, speech, complex visual perceptions

Question 15

What is the function of occipital lobe?

Answer 15

visual center, processing visual information

Question 16

Spinal cord is located within the ____________.

Answer 16

vertebral canal

Question 17

Spinal cord extends from the_______ as the continuation of the medulla oblongata to the level of the _________ of the _________.

Answer 17

foramen magnum
lower border, first lumbar vertebra ( 45 cm)

Question 18

The spinal cord is _______ in shape

Answer 18

cylindrical

Question 19

White matter consists of __________

Answer 19

myelinated axons of many neurons

Question 20

Grey matter consists of ______,_____,_______,______ and _______

Answer 20

neuron cell bodies
dendrites
unmyelinated axons
axon terminals
neuroglia

Question 21

The PNS consists of what nerves?

Answer 21

spinal nerves
cranial nerves
enteric plexus

Question 22

How many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 22

8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
total: 31 pairs

Question 23

8th spinal nerve passes between ____ and ____ vertebrae

Answer 23

C7, T1

Question 24

How many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 24

12 pairs: Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Auditory ( Vestibulo-cochlear ) Glossopharyngeal Vagus Spinal Accessory Hypoglossal

Question 25

PNS is composed of _____ division which has receptors and _____ division which has somatic and autonomic nervous system

Answer 25

sensory, motor

Question 26

Chemoreceptors are located in the _____ and _______.

Answer 26

Medulla oblongata, carotid and aortic bodies

Question 27

What do the chemoreceptors in medulla oblongata do?

Answer 27

respond to change in the hydrogen ion and CO2 concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid by altering rate and depth of respiration

Question 28

What do the chemoreceptors in carotid and aortic bodies do?

Answer 28

monitor the concentration of CO2 and O2 in the arterial blood of the carotid arteries and aorta

Question 29

Baroreceptors are __________ that are activated by ___________ vessel wall stretch

Answer 29

mechano-sensors pressure-induced

Question 30

Baroreceptors are located in ______ and _____.

Answer 30

aortic arch carotid sinuses

Question 31

What are the special sensory receptors?

Answer 31

Smell: olfactory nerve fibers Taste: taste buds Vision: rods and cones in retina Hearing: Hair cells in cochlea

Question 32

The somatic nervous system controls __________ movement of skeletal muscles

Answer 32

voluntary

Question 33

The autonomic nervous system controls ________ processes such as heartbeat and glandular activity

Answer 33

involuntary

Question 34

Autonomic nervous system is divided into ________ and _________.

Answer 34

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 35

What does Sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 35

During emergency response and fight or flight

Question 36

What does Parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 36

When the body is at rest or with normal functions