L14- part 2 Flashcards
What are the two features females look for in male counterparts and what are examples of each?
Physical- i.e. strength, size
Behavioural- good parenting skills, willingness
What is the ‘good genes’ ‘good provider’ theory about?
o Males prefer young, physically attractive and chaste
o Where as females place greater emphasis on the earning capacity and ambitious-industriousness
What did Gangstead et al (98)’s wet t-shirt study reveal about ovulating and women’s preferences in men?
o When not ovulating women show no preference between symmetrical/ non-symmetrical men
o During ovulation had preference for symmetry
What happened when participants in a study were told they had “the fat gene”?
a) they still ate the same amount of cookies as control
b) they ate 25% more
c) they ate 50% more
d) they ate twice as much
c) they ate 50% more
What is psychological essentialism?
The idea that there is an essence to an individual, and this is natural and unchanging.
This essence gives rise to characteristics in the organism?
What is an essence placeholder?
Allows you to draw inferences about an organism
Innate, immutable, causal
Genes as the essence of the placeholder
“Hyenas are brown”
Which are genetic essentialist biases?
Genetic attributions- Attributing disease/ behaviours to your genes
Specific etiology- Discounting other explanations, i.e. “genes for obesity”- so discount the individuals diet
- Homogeneity and discreteness- “all women are the same as before”, “if women are more alike they are also more different to men now”
- Naturalness and naturalistic fallacy- what’s natural is good, ‘natural ingredients are better’
What is social categorisation in essentialism?
An object can be seen as two things, but a living organism can’t- book as a table is ok, but a liger is not- this transfers to social groups, expectation to belong in one
What is the effect of telling a participant the individual they need to punish in an experiment’s behaviour is due to a genetically predisposed mental illness?
a) they will punish them more severely
b) they will punish them less severely
c) there is no significant effect
b) they will punish them less severely
What was the effect of telling people that they had the ‘drunk gene’?
These individuals claimed they couldn’t at all control their drinking urges- therefore this impacted their willingness to participate in workshops
What happened in the US when Arab and Jewish individuals were told they had genetic closeness?
a) Explicit bias increase and aggression increased
b) Explicit bias and aggression decreased
c) Implicit bias increase and aggression increased
d) Implicit bias and aggression decreased
b) Explicit bias and aggression decreased
