l2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Speech Sound Disorders (SSDs)
“errors in producing speech sounds in children who
are expected to have mastered their speech sounds”
SODA
substitutions, omissions, and distortions and the
disorde
Speech Sound
Disorders by ASHA
Speech sound disorders is an umbrella term
referring to any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or phonological representation organic or functional
Articulation:
the physical movements and position of
articulators to alter the vocal tract and make specific contacts to produce speech sounds. seen heard and produced
Articulation disorders:
few to moderate sound distortions affecting motoric/phonetic properties but not typically the meaning of the words, cant produce sounds ex. mild of r to lateralized
phonology:
the study of speech,
sounds, sound patterns, and rules for combining sounds in
meaningful words and sentences
Articulation is the physiological formation of
sound and
phonology encompasses the rules of the linguistic system
Phonological disorders (PDs) refer
“multiple speech sound error patterns or adult-child production mismatches that persist beyond certain age levels, often losing phonemic contrasts, significantly impairing speech intelligibility, language problems
Phonological processes:
a systematic sound change that affects classes of sounds or sound
sequences.
articulation is
speech
phonological is
language
Articulation Disorders ,Often functional disorders; however, it may be
associated with
an organic,
structural or neurological
origin, Without an identifiable pattern
Intelligibility is generally intact
with occasional
misunderstanding possible
Phonological Disorders, has
NO organic, structural, or
neurological basis
Patterned errors consistent with
the persistence of phonological
processes.
Three types of patterns (processes)
- Syllable Structure Patterns
- Substitution Patterns
- Assimilation Patterns
Phonological patterns:
simplifications of adult
productions that affect entire classes of sounds.
Syllable Structure Patterns:
The number of syllables in a word can be affected or the syllable shape of the word can be
altered.
Syllable Structure Patterns include
Unstressed syllable deletion
Reduplication
Diminutization
Final consonant deletion
Initial consonant deletion
Cluster deletion
Cluster substitution
Epenthesis
Unstressed Syllable Deletion (USD)
affect the amount of syllables. unstressed are commonly deleated
banana 3 syllables to 2 nanu
Reduplication
Also known as doubling, creates multisyllabic words,
total reduplication =bottle is baba cvcc to cvcv, wawa
partial redup=bada
Diminutization (Dim)
Addition of /i/ cup=kupi cvc to cvcv dog=dagi doll=dali
Addition of /i/
Insertion of an unstressed vowel, /ə/ between two consonants kids have it hard with consonants
blue=b ᵊlu black=b ᵊl æk leg=lEgᵊ
Final Consonant Deletion (FCD)
Deletion of final consonant or the entire final consonant
cluster in a word, ends in open similar
ex; dad=d æ, house=hau push =pu
Initial Consonant Deletion (ICD)
Omission of single consonants or an entire consonant
cluster in the initial position of a target wor, not common , phonological disorder
cat=at
shoe=u
tree=i
Cluster Reduction (CR)
Deletion or substitution of some or all members of a
cluster
main cluster=r,l,s hard to produce
