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Anatomy > L24: Male Pelvic Cavity > Flashcards

L24: Male Pelvic Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four functions of the bony pelvis?

A

1) Supports and protect pelvic viscera
2) Transmits upper body weight to lower extremities
3) Provides stable base for lower limb function
4) Forms birth canal

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2
Q

What three structures make up the bone pelvis?

A

1) Right and Left Hip Bones
2) Sacrum
3) Coccyx

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3
Q

Each hip bone is formed by ____, ____, and ____ (three bones that fuse together during puberty)

A

1) Ilium
2) Ischium
3) Pubis

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4
Q

What are the two joints of the pelvis?

A

1) Pubic Symphysis: relatively immobile + fibrocartilaginous joint

2) SI Joints: synovial joints formed between left and right ilia and sacrum; minimal gliding and rotational movement

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5
Q

What are the two ligaments of the pelvis?

A

1) Sacrotuberous Ligament
2) Sacrospinous Ligament

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6
Q

Which pelvic ligament attaches to the ischial spine and the sacrum and lies DEEP to the sacrotuberous ligament?

A

Sacrospinous Ligament

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7
Q

Which two places is the sacrotuberous ligament (ligament of the pelvis) attached?

A

1) Ischial tuberosity
2) Sacrum

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8
Q

The sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments (of the pelvis) transfor the greater and lesser sciatic notches into the ______

A

greater and lesser sciatic foramina

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9
Q

What are the two type of pelvic apertures?

A

1) Superior Pelvic Aperture - pelvic inlet
2) Inferior Pelvis Aperture - pelvic outlet, birth canal

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10
Q

The superior pelvic aperture (pelvic inlet) is delineated by ___ ____

The inferior pelvic aperture (pelvic outlet) is delineated by ___, ____, ____, and ____

A

Pelvic Brim

Ischial tuberosities; Ischial spines; Ischiopubic rami; Coccyx

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11
Q

____ is a diamond shaped area that corresponds with the perineum
A. Pubic Symphysis
B. SI Joint
C. Parietal Pelvic Fascia
D. Inferior Pelvic Aperture

A

D. Inferior Pelvic Aperture

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12
Q

What structure is the boundary between the pelvis major (false pelvis) and the pelvis minor?

A

Superior Pelvic Aperture

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13
Q

True or False: The pelvic minor is superior and contains abdominal viscera, while the pelvis major is inferior and contains pelvic viscera

A

False

  • Pelvis major (false pelvis)
    = superior, contains abdominal viscera
  • Pelvis minor (true pelvis)
    = inferior, contains pelvic viscera
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14
Q

The pelvic peritoneum and the parietal pelvic fascia make up the ______

A

pelvic fascias

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15
Q

______: the investing fascia of the pelvic muscles that line the pelvic cavity and are continuous with abdominal muscle

A

Parietal Pelvic Fascia

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16
Q

______: peritoneum that invests abdominal organs and extends into true pelvis and partially invests pelvic organs, forming folds and spaces between them

A

Pelvic Peritoneum

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17
Q

In both males and females, the pelvic peritoneum is the space on either side of the ___ and _____

A

rectum (pararectal fossa) and urinary bladder (paravesical fossa)

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18
Q

In males only, the pelvic peritoneum contains a pouch between the ___ and _____, as well as a fold between the ___ and ____

A

rectum and seminal vesicles/urinary bladder (rectovesical)

sacrum; prostate/bladder (sacrogenital)

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19
Q

True or False: Hip fractures usually apply to fractures of the femoral head, neck, or trochanters and are considered “pelvic fractures.”

A

True

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20
Q

Two lateral rotators of the thigh originate from the ___ and insert on the _____ ____ of the femur.

Both are innervated by the ____ branches of the sacral plexus

A

bony pelvis; greater trochanter

muscular

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21
Q

What two muscles make up the lateral wall of the pelvis?

A

1) Obturator Internus muscle
2) Piriformis muscle

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22
Q

Which muscle is the site of the sacral plexus?

A

Piriform muscle

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23
Q

The medial surface of which muscle is covered by the obturator fascia?

A

Obturator Internus muscle

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24
Q

The Obturator Internus muscle exits the pelvis via the _______ foramen to insert onto the ____

The Piriformis muscle exits the pelvis via the ___ foramen to insert onto the ___

A

lesser sciatic foramen; femur
greater sciatic foramen; femur

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25
Q

The pelvic floor is formed by the _____ (bowl-shaped group of skeletal muscles that partially closes off the pelvic outlet and supports abdominopelvic viscera, especially when intra-abdominal pressure is raised)

A

Pelvic Diaphragm

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26
Q

What are the two muscles of the pelvic floor?

A

1) Coccygenous
2) Levator Ani

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27
Q

Which muscle of the pelvic floor ELEVATES the pelvic floor to resits/raise intra-abdominal pressure?

(hint: this muscle is important for cough, vomiting, or forced expiration)

A

Levator Ani

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28
Q

Which pelvic floor muscle pulls the coccyx anteriorly and supports pelvic viscera?

(hint: wags tail in other mammals)

A

Coccygeus

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29
Q

_____ connects the abdominopelvic region with the medial compartment of the thigh
A. Greater Sciatic Foramen
B. Lesser Sciatic Foramen
C. Obtruator Canal

A

Obtruator Canal

30
Q

The piriformis nerve exits the pelvis via the _____

A

Greater sciatic foramen

31
Q

___ connects the pelvic cavity with the gluteal region

____ connects the gluteal region with perineum

A

Greater Sciatic Foramen

Lesser Sciatic Foramen

32
Q

Superior gluteal n/a/v pass ___ to piriformis muscle

Inferior gluteal n/a/v and pudendal n. pass __ to the piriformis m

A

superior
inferior

33
Q

True or False: The Sacral Plexus supplies sensory and motor innervation to the perineum, gluteal region, and lower extremity

A

True

34
Q

Most of the nerves of the sacral plexus exit the pelvis via the ______

A

greater sciatic foramen

35
Q

__ and __ root of the sacral plexus for the lumbosacral trunk

A

L4 and L5

36
Q

What are the four branches of the Sacral Plexus?

A

1) Sciatic
2) Pudenal
3) Superior Gluteal
4) Inferior Gluteal

37
Q

Which sacral plexus nerve branch provides motor function to gluteus minimus and medius muscle?

Which sacral plexus nerve branch provides motor function to the gluteus maximus only

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

38
Q

Which vein/artery delivers blood to the majority of the pelvis?

A

Internal Iliac

39
Q

What are the three posterior divisions of the Internal Iliac?

A

1) Iliolumbar a
2) Lateral sacral a
3) Superior gluteal a

40
Q

What are the seven anterior division branches of the Internal Iliac artery and vein?

A

1) Middle rectal a
2) Obturator a
3) Vaginal a
4) Umbilical a
5) Inferior vesical a
6) Inferior gluteal a
7) Internal pudenal a

41
Q

Which anterior division of the internal iliac travels with the pudenda. n to supply perineum?

A

Internal pudenal a

42
Q

Which anterior division of the internal iliac exits the pelvis between S2 and S2, emerging inferior to piriformis

A

Inferior gluteal a

43
Q

Which anterior division branch of the internal iliac supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator a

44
Q

Which anterior division branch of the internal iliac supplies the ureter and bladder?

A

Inferior veisical a. (uterine a. in females)

45
Q

True or False: The testes, epididymides, ductus deferens, prostate/seminal vesicles/ejac duct are internal genital organs

A

True

46
Q

__ is the source of male hormones (testosterone) and site of spermatogenesis

A

Testes

47
Q

Where are sperm made?

A

Seminiferous Tubules

48
Q

The right testicular vein drains into the ___, left drains into the ____vein

A

Right testicular v = IVC
Left testicular v = left renal vein

49
Q

____ elongated structure on posterior surface of testis

A

Epididymis

50
Q

___ is the most superior portion of epididymis while the ___ contains the convoluted duct and the ___ is continuous with ductus deferens

A

Head = most superior
Body = convoluted duct
Tail = continuous with ductus deferens

51
Q

___ is where sperm is stored until mature

A

Epididymis

52
Q

____: muscular tube that transport sperm from testis to urethra during ejaculation

A

Ductus Deferens

53
Q

What are the main structures located within the spermatic cord, which courses along the male inguinal canal?

A

1) Ductus Deferens
2) Testicular artery
3) Pampiniform Plexus of Veins

54
Q

True or False: During the course of the ductus deferens, no other structure intervenes between it and the perineum

A

True

55
Q

The ductus deferens narrows and joins the duct of the seminal gland to form the _____

A

ejaculatory duct

56
Q

___ is the surgical ligation of the ductus deferens

A

Vasectomy

57
Q

____: densely coiled blind tubes located posterior to base of bladder, lateral to corresponding ductus deferens

A

Seminal vesicles

58
Q

True or False: The seminal vesicles contribute a viscous fluid, rich in fructose (to nourish sperm) and prostaglandin fluid (helps stimulate uterine contractions) - forms ~70% of semen

A

True

59
Q

The short duct of the seminal vesicle joins the ampulla of the ductus deferens to form the ______

A

ejaculatory duct

60
Q

___: a slender tube that arises via the union of the duct of a seminal gland with the ductus deferens

A

Ejaculatory ducts

61
Q

___ courses through the tissue of the prostate gland to open into the prostatic urethra

A

Ejaculatory duct

62
Q

What is the largest accessory organ in the male repro tract?

A

Prostate gland

63
Q

The prostate gland is a cone-shaped gland with a broad base that contracts with bladder and surrounds the _____

A

prostatic urethra

64
Q

True or False: The prostate gland contribute milky fluid that enhances sperm motility

A

True

65
Q

The prostate gland and seminal vesicles are supplied by branches of the _____

A

internal iliac a

66
Q

Venous blood drains to the prostatic and then to the internal _______ plexus

A

vertebral venous

67
Q

True or False: Autonomic innervation is via the prostatic plexus (subdivision of inferior hypogastric pelvic plexus)

A

True

68
Q

The body (shaft) of penis is formed by three cylindrical erectile bodies bound by a dense connective tissue sheath known as ___

A

Buck’s Fascia

69
Q

What are the three cylindrical erectile bodies that make up the shaft of penis?

A

1) Corpora Cavernosa
2) Corpus Spongiosum
3) Prepuce (foreskin)

70
Q

___ is the loose hood of skin and fascia that extends distally around glans

A

Prepuce

71
Q

____ is an unpaired midline structure of the penis that terminates distally as the glans (head) of the penis

A

Corpus spongiosum

72
Q

The corpus spongiosum is traversed by the penile (spongy) ____, which opens onto the glans at the external urethral meatus

A

urethra

Anatomy (28 decks)

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