L3

Question 1

Hepatitis viruses target

Answer 1

liver

Question 2

Hep Primarily infect and replicate in

Answer 2

hepatocytes

Question 3

Hep damage

Answer 3

Liver damage from virus and host response

Question 4

Hep Some cause

Answer 4

acute infections, some cause chronic infections

Question 5

Hep A

Answer 5

Picornaviridae
(+)ssRNA
Nonenveloped

Question 6

Hep b

Answer 6

Hepadnaviridae
Circular dsDNA
Enveloped

Question 7

Hep C

Answer 7

Flaviviridae
(+)ssRNA
Enveloped

Question 8

Hepatitis delta

Answer 8

(-)ssRNA
Enveloped
Deltaviridae

Question 9

Hepatitis E

Answer 9

Calciviridae
(+)ssRNA
Nonenveloped

Question 10

Hep prevelence

Answer 10

Prevalence

HDV & HEV are very rare in the US

Question 11

Hepatitis B Virus

Answer 11

Hepadnaviridae

Question 12

Hep B genome

Answer 12

dsDNA

Smallest genome of the human viruses

Question 13

Hep b virion

Answer 13

Virion: enveloped

Question 14

Hepatitis B Virus - Cannot be grown in

Answer 14

cell culture

Question 15

Hepatitis B Virus Genome has

Answer 15

RNA intermediate

Question 16

Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA is

Answer 16

template for transcription

Question 17

Hepatitis B Virus Requires

Answer 17

liver specific transcription factors

Question 18

Hepatitis B Virus Produce many

Answer 18

empty particles (HBsAy); present in infected people

Question 19

Hepatitis B Virus infection

Answer 19

sexual & drug use

Question 20

Hep b Incubation period

Answer 20

(30-180 days)

Question 21

Hep b Symptom onset

Answer 21

General malaise, anorexia, vomiting, fatigue, cough, serum-like sickness
Jaundice, elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels

Question 22

Hep b Recovery, approximately

Answer 22

3-4 months after onset of jaundice

Question 23

Hepatitis B Virus

Answer 23

Chronic disease occurs in 5% of cases

Presence of HBsAg in blood for >6 mths confirms chronic infection
Marked by poor IgG response

Question 24

Hep b Sporadic episodes of

Answer 24

hepatitis

Question 25

Hep b Cirrhosis of the

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

Hep b Increased risk for

Answer 26

``` hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HBV X gene/protein has tumorigenic potential ```

Question 27

Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination

Answer 27

Available, first recombinant vaccine approved for use in humans Requires multiple inoculations Not effective against chronic infection

Question 28

Hep b Treatment for chronic cases

Answer 28

Interferon-α therapy | Nucleoside analogs: adefovir, lamivudine, tenofovir

Question 29

Hepatitis D Virus

Answer 29

Subviral agent Rare in human viruses Only other example is adeno-associated virus (AAV) which requires adenovirus infection

Question 30

Hep D Requires

Answer 30

active HBV infection

Question 31

Hep D RNA genome encodes a

Answer 31

single protein

Question 32

Hepatitis C Virus

Answer 32

Flaviviridae

Question 33

Hep C genome

Answer 33

: (+)ssRNA

Question 34

Hep C Virion:

Answer 34

enveloped

Question 35

Hep C Proteins:

Answer 35

E1&E2: attachment and entry C: core Various non-structural

Question 36

Hepatitis C Virus Genome passed

Answer 36

into cytoplasm

Question 37

Hep c Genome template for

Answer 37

translation Missing cap, ribosomes recognize Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES)

Question 38

Hepatitis C Virus Typically

Answer 38

milder signs and symptoms than observed for HBV

Question 39

Hep c Chronic infections are

Answer 39

much more common, approximately 80% of infections

Question 40

Hep c Extrahepatic disease

Answer 40

Mixed cryoglobulinemia – Antibody and virus complexes deposit in other tissues (e.g., kidneys) eliciting an immune response and subsequent tissue damage

Question 41

Hep C treatment

Answer 41

Treatment – New product, ZEPATIER, on market to treat some genotypes. No vaccine available

Question 42

Hepatitis A Virus infection

Answer 42

Infection – ingestion of fecally contaminated food or water | Absorbed through intestine and moves to liver via portal system

Question 43

Hep a incubation

Answer 43

Incubation: 15-40 days

Question 44

Hep A symptoms

Answer 44

Consistent with hepatitis infection: Maliase, anorexia, vomiting jaundice More severe in adults than in children Resolves approximately 8 weeks post infection

Question 45

Prevention Hep A | Vaccine available

Answer 45

– Havrix, Vaqta killed/inactivated vaccine

Question 46

Hepatitis E Virus caus3es

Answer 46

Causes foodborne and waterborne hepatitis

Question 47

Hep E virus Disease is very similar to that caused by

Answer 47

HAV; distinguished by serology

Question 48

Hep E Infection can be life threatening for

Answer 48

pregnant women

Question 49

Hep E no prevention

Answer 49

available