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Immunology > L3 Cytokines > Flashcards

L3 Cytokines Flashcards

1
Q

cytokines

A

soluble proteins that are produced in the response to an antigen and function as chemical messengers for regulating innate and adaptive immune systems

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2
Q

cytokines are pleiotropic

A

means that a particular cytokine can act on a number of different types of cells rather than a single cell type

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3
Q

cytokines are redundant

A

refers to the ability of a number of different cytokines to carry out the same function

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4
Q

cytokines are multifunctional

A

means that the same cytokine is able to regulate a number of different functions

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5
Q

some cytokines can be antagonistic

A

stimulates a particular defense function while another cytokine inhibits that function

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6
Q

some cytokines can be synergistic

A

two different cytokines have a greater effect in combination than either of the tow would by themselves

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7
Q

four functional categories of cytokines

A
  1. innate
  2. adaptive
  3. stimulate hemopoiesis
  4. cytokines known as chemokines promote directed cell migration
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8
Q

hematopoiesis cytokines

A
  1. IL-3
  2. IL-7
  3. G-CSF
  4. GM-CSF
  5. M-CSF
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9
Q

IL-3

A

made primarily by T-lymphocytes; supports the growth of multi-lineage bone-marrow stem cells; induces maturation in all hematopoietic lineages

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10
Q

CSF

A

colony stimulating factors- promote the production of colonies of the different leukocytes in the bone marrow and enhance their activity

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11
Q

GM-CSF

A

granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor

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12
Q

G-CSF

A

granulocyte colony stimulating factor

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13
Q

M-CSF

A

macrophage colony stimulating factor

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14
Q

IL-7

A

produced mainly by fibroblasts and bone marrow stromal cells; plays a role in the survival and proliferation of immature B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte precursors

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15
Q

chemokine cytokines

A
  1. IL-8 = CXCL8
  2. MCP-1 = CCL2
  3. MIP-2 = CXCL2
  4. RANTES
  5. Gro- alpha, beta, and gamma
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16
Q

IL-8

A

= CXCL8

important for the recruitment of neutrophils

17
Q

MIP-2

A

= CXCL2

recruits naive T cells

18
Q

MCP-1

A

= CCL2

helps activate and recruit macrophages

19
Q

innate immunity

A
  1. IFN-gamma
  2. IFN- beta
  3. IFN- alpha
  4. IL-12
  5. IL-15
  6. IL-1
  7. IL-6
  8. TNF
  9. IL-18
  10. IL-10
  11. TGF-beta
20
Q

IFN-gamma

A

NK cells and T lymphocytes; activation of macrophages and stimulation of some antibody responses

21
Q

IFN- alpha and IFN-beta

A

virus infected cells; prime uninfected cells for viral defense

22
Q

IL-12

A

macrophages; promotes TH1 cells and activates NK cells

23
Q

IL-15

A

macrophages;
NK cells- proliferation
T cells- proliferation

24
Q

IL-1

A

macrophages, endothelial cells;
endothelial cells- activation inflammation coagulase
hypothalamus- fever
liver- synthesis of acute phase proteins
t-cells- TH17 differentiation

25
Q

IL-6

A

macrophages, endothelial cells, and T-cells

macrophages, dendritic cells- inhibition of IL-12 production, reduced expression of co-stimulation and class II MHC molecules

26
Q

TNF

A

macrophages and T-cells

endothelial cells: activation (inflammation and coagulation) 
neutrophils: activation 
hypothalamus: fever
live: synthesis of acute-phase proteins 
muscle and fat: catabolism 
many cell types: apoptosis
27
Q

IL-18

A

macrophages

NK cells: proliferation
T cells: proliferation

28
Q

IL-10

A

macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells

macrophages and dendritic cells: inhibition of IL-12 production reduced expression of co-stimulators and class II MHC molecules

29
Q

TGF-beta

A

many cell types

inhibition of inflammation; T-cells- differentiation of Th17, regulatory T cells

30
Q

adaptive immunity cytokines

A
  1. IFN-gamma
  2. TGF-beta
  3. LT
  4. IL-13
  5. IL-22
  6. IL-2
  7. IL-4
  8. IL-5
  9. IL-17
  10. BAFF
31
Q

IL-22

A

CD4+ T cells, NK cells, innate lymphoid cells

maintenance of epithelial barrier function, neutrophils

32
Q

IL-13

A

affects eosinophils

33
Q

IL-2

A

activated T cells

T cell proliferation; regulatory T cell survival

34
Q

IL-4

A

CD4+ T cells and mast cells

B cell switching to IgE

35
Q

IL-5

A

CD4+ T cells, mast cells, innate lymphoid cells

activation of eosinophils

36
Q

IL-17

A

CD4+ T cells

stimulate of acute inflammation, neutrophils

37
Q

IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12 affect

A

eosinophils

38
Q

IL-17 and IL-22 affect

A

neutrophils

39
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

systemic inflammatory disease, inflammation in autoimmune disease
medication needs to target cytokines specifically TNF

Immunology (14 decks)

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