L4 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What does the crossed line in the model stand for?
A ratio between TR and CR. In some cases planning interventions lean towards CR, but they are still TR and vice versa. TR and CR need each other to work. From observing to interaction. It sometimes has aspects of both.
What characterizes B, scneario planning on the spectrum?
We have facts, are also in control, but not too certain. We want different futures to discuss what we like best and for what reasons.
Why can TR be helpful in times of crisis?
To get back control in a fast way, without participation etc… Just pragmatically getting back control. Ignoring context and zoom into where things go wrong. take action to identify the problem and end it.
What are critiques of Technical Rationality?
- World is too good to be true: we know everything and are in control.
- Planning is not synonymjous with executing plans and programs in an obedient and accurate way. Takes time: world already changed when the plan is implemented.
- Not only plan-making. NOT THE SAME. Plan Is static. Planning is more dynamic.
- Not going to series of clearly defined steps
- decision-making for spatial policy issues is hardly a ‘rational’ process.
- If we accept certainty and believe we are in control. It’s stupid. Things pop up every so often.
What did Herbert SImon say about bounded rationality?
can’t be the superhero that can help everyone. We are not perfect. Sort of negative tone. We would also not come to the perfect outcome with the amount energy, time and money.
What did Charles Lindblom say about incremental planning in relation to linearity?
Instead of linear: jumps in decision-making process. Plans do not relate to previous ones
What did Amitia Pritzioni say about mixed scan?
Relates to how the brain works. Two steps approach. First look at the context and then you go to the details. Details only relate to particular part in the whole that is relevant. Outward-in approach.
Name examples of incidents, conficts, accidnts and crises.
Incident: flat tire
conflict: flat tire while someone you wanted to pick up.
accident: car accident that hurts you
Crisis: you were expected at Zernike but can’t make it. A friend was leaving to live in another country.
Argue if TR is dated out dated or something else? can it still be used is that ethical?
Under specific conditions it’s still valid to use it. Like in times of crisis to quickly take back control and solve problems. To get back certainty. We can pick it though. We have the choice. It’s no longer the only model. TR in this case depends on the context, while traditionally, TR ignores the context. This is a funny thing.
What do we do with scenario planning?
We look backwards and try to extrapolate what we learned from there into the future.
Why is time no issue in both a TR and a CR? What is assumed about time with both paradigms?
in TR: we know the facts, so time is no issue. We know how and when it can be done.
In CR we’re happy if we even reach a consensus about how the situation is now.
In both cases it is assumed that time leads to linear change.
Explain the scenario typology.
- Probable future (predictive)
- Possible future (explorative)
- Desirable future (normative)
Name a typology of scenario methods.
Prognoses: energy model. linkage system all types of components together. Data and Theory.
Explorations: scenario planning: no data but we do have theory.
* see how it works out for the future.
Projections: life expectancy: data but no theory
Speculations: no data nor theory. start guessing, not completely empty handed while talking. While talking solutions come up.
Explain the scenario cycle
Facts that don’t tell us completely the issue. No control create imaginous futures. Explain them. decision where everyone is happy plan implementation aeveluation and then back into the facts/issues.
* Feedback is continuous mechanism. Identify if the steps towards future still align with goals you have defined in the beginning. They always change. Feedback mechanisms.
How are the three elements with scenarios? causality, entity and context?
Causality: no longer direct – remote (imagine causalities)
Entity = no longer clear but fuzzy: multiple futures
Context: not longer stable but turbulent towards the future. `
