L6 anatomy

Question 1

the structural and functional units of the NS

-conducts nerve impulses

Answer 1

Neurons (nerve cells)

Question 2

Neuroglia (glial cells) types and functions:
1-___: forms the myelin sheath
2-___: support and maintain intracellular environment
3-___: act as phagocytes
4-___: secrete CSF

Answer 2

1-Oligodendrocytes
2-Astrocytes
3-Microglia
4-Ependymal cells

Question 3

largest part of the brain
-consists of 2 cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white matter called (Corpus callosum)
- 2 lateral ventricles
-superficial(peripheral) part is called Cortex, thrown into gyri(gyrus), separated by sulci (sulcus)
A. Cortex is composed of nerve cell bodies or____
B. deeper layers consist of nerve fibers or ____

Answer 3

Cerebrum
A.Grey matter
B. White matter

Question 4

in cerebrum :
several large sulci subdivide the hemisphere surface into lobes :
1-__:infront of the central sulcus, above the lateral sulcus
2-__: behind the central sulcus, above the lateral sulcus( Sylvian fissure)
3-__: below the pariotoocipital sulcus
4-__: below the lateral sulcus

Answer 4

1- frontal
2- parietal
3- occipital
4-temporal

Question 5

consist of thalamus and hypothalamus

Answer 5

Diencephalon

Question 6

-lies at the bottom of the brain and connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum.
parts are (in this order) :
1- midbrain
2-pons
3-medulla oblongata

Answer 6

Brain stem

Question 7

area between cerebrum above and pons below

Answer 7

Midbrain

Question 8

situated in front of the cerebellum below the midbrain

Answer 8

Pons

Question 9

-extends from pons above, continuos with spinal cord below(ends at foramen magnum)
* -function: vital centres lie in its deeper structure:
1- cardiac centre *
2- vasomotor centre *
3- reflex centres

Answer 9

Medulla Oblongata

Question 10

-second largest area in the brain
-situated behind the pons
has 2 hemispheres separated by a median strip (Vermis)
functions: muscle coordination, walking, speech

Answer 10

Cerebellum

Question 11

spinal cord:

the distal end of the cord is called the ____ and is cone-shaped

Answer 11

Conus Medullaris

Question 12

the spinal cord has 2 enlargements:
1- Cervical: __ to __ which innervate the upper limbs
2- lumbosacral: __ to__ which innervate the lower limb

Answer 12

1- C5 to T1

2- L1 to S3

Question 13

a total of 31 pairs of \_\_\_\_\_leave the spinal cord
8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal

Answer 13

Spinal nerves

Question 14

the meninges are 3 membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord:
1- ___: tough outer membrane
2___: middle web-like membrane
3-___: inner most, delicate, and highly vascular

Answer 14

1- dura mater
2- arachnoid
3- pia mater

Question 15

a space that lies between the arachnoid and pia mater and contains CSF *

Answer 15

Subarachnoid space