L6 - Skull & Orbit Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the functions of the skull
- To form the shape of the head
- To protect the brain and organs
- fixing the distance between the eyes to allow stereoscopic vision
- fixing the position of the ears
Define foramen
Any opening or passage
What are processes
A prominence or projection from a bone
What are cavities and sinuses
Cavities - a hollow space within the body or organs
Sinuses - A cavity with a narrow opening
Define groove
A narrow depression
Define notch
An indentation on the edge of a bone or organ
Define fossa
Shallow depression in the bone
What is a fissure
A hole between 2 bones
What are the 2 main parts of the skull
The brain case which covers the brain and the facial skeleton which covers the face
What is the orbit
A pyramidal cavity with its base in front and its apex behind
What are differences in skulls caused by
Genetics
What are the 5 areas the orbit is separated into
- apex
- superior wall
- inferior wall
- medial wall
- lateral wall
Which bones form the superior wall
Frontal bone and sphenoid bone
Which structures are around the superior wall
The frontal sinus and the main lacrimal gland
How can the superior wall be damaged
When receiving a head injury which causes a frontal lobe injury
Which bones form the medial wall
- Frontal process of the maxillary
- Lacrimal bone
- Ethmoidal bone
- Sphenoid bone
Which structures are around the medial wall
- Frontal sinus
- Trochlear orbit
- Lamina papyracea
- Lacrimal gland
- Lacrimal fossa
How can the medial wall be damaged
Through injury to the nose
Which bones form the lateral wall
Zygomatic and sphenoid bone
Which part of the orbit is the thickest and strongest
Lateral wall
What does the lateral wall do
Protects the posterior half of the eyeball
Which bones form the inferior wall
Maxillary , palatine and zygomatic bone
Define canal
A narrow tubular passage or channel
Define tubercle
A Round nodule or warty outgrowth found on bones or skin
