Flashcards in L78 Deck (37):
1
What is exanthem?
Rash on skin
Vs. enanthem = rash on mucous membrane
2
Big 5 childhood diseases that cause rash
Measles
Strep pyogenes
Rubella
Parvo - erythema infectiosum
Roseola (HHV 6)
3
Symptoms of measles
3 Cs + K
Conjunctivitis
Cough
Coryza = running nose
Koplic spots = enanthem rash in the mouth w/ grey middle
4
Describe the measles rash: appearance, timing
= Rubeola
Develops after Koplic spots
Starts on face
Progresses centrally
Moves to periphery & toes
5
Geographic tip offs for measles
California
Switzerland
6
Measles incubation
1 up to 2 wks
Day 10 - fever
Day 14 - rash
Infectious before symptoms start during this incubation period
7
Measles transmission
Air-born
Kids in school
8
Diagnose measles
1. Clinical
2. Serum testing - IgM/G - watch out for false +/-
9
What tissue does measles infect?
Respiratory epithelium --> LN
10
Which immune system is important for measles resolution?
Cellular
11
Measles genome
(-) ssRNA
Enveloped
Labile
12
What cell types does measles infect during primary viremia?
T cells! Same time once penetrated resp epi
Causes temp immune suppression that is definitely noticeable
- Pna
13
What CNS disease might result from measles? When might this present?
Encephalitis
Acute or sub-acute years later!
14
What nutrition deficiency would make measles worse?
Vit A def
15
When do you give the measles vaccine?
9mo-1 year
Live, attenuated vaccine - therefore babies who have mom's Abs might not have right response
16
Mumps symptoms
Swollen neck!!
Parotid gland
1 sided - may spread bilateral
17
Mumps genome
(-) ss RNA
Capsid w/
- Hemagglutinin (H)
- Neuraminidase (N)
- Fusion protein (F)
Lipid bilayer from host cells
18
Mumps pathogenesis - where does infection start and move
Start @ URT epi
to LN
Viremia -> glandular tissue (scrotum)
19
Which branch of immunity controls mumps infection?
Cellular
20
Mumps transmission
Resp drops
Saliva
Fomites
21
Mumps incubation
2-3 wks
Longer than measles
22
When is mumps contagious?
2 days before jaw swelling --> 5 days after
23
Which CNS disease is associated with mumps?
Aseptic meningitis
24
Mumps complications
Encephalitis
Deafness
Infertility
25
Mumps vaccine. Who don't you give this to?
Live, attenuated
As MMR/V
DONT give to PREGNANT
26
Rubella symptoms
Head --> toes : disappears as it progresses
- Correlates w/ appearance of Abs
Cervical swollen LN
Arthritis - esp adults
27
Rubella genome
+ ssRNA
28
Rubella pathogenesis
URT epi
LNs
Viremia
29
What is the role of Abs vs cell immunity for rubella?
Ab: limit spread
Cell: elim infection
30
Rubella incubation & infectious period
2-3 wk incubation
Infectious: prodome --> 2 wks post rash
31
What is congenital rubella syndrome?
In BABIES :(
Cataracts
Heart disease
Deafness
"Blue berry muffin rash"
32
Why do we vaccinate vs rubella?
To cover women who might become pregnant to prevent congenital rubella syndrome
33
Parvovirus symptoms - correlation to infectiousness
1. Fever due to viremia = infectious
2. Slap check rash = erythema infectiousum
34
Parvovirus genome
ss DNA
35
What cells does parvo replicate in?
Erythroid precursors
Fetal capillary endothelium in placenta
36
Parvo patho
Replicates @ RT
Viremia --> bone marrow
37