L8 MITOSIS

Question 1

What are the three points of cell theory?

Answer 1

1. All organisms are made of 1+ cells
2. Cells are the basic building block of life
3. All cells come from existing cells.

Question 2

What is chromatin?

Answer 2

Non-compressed strand of DNA+proteins in the nucleus.

Question 3

What is chromosome?

Answer 3

Tightly condensed chromatin, shape during mitosis.

Question 4

What is an autosome?

Answer 4

Non-sex chromosome

Question 5

What is karyotype?

Answer 5

An individual’s complete set of chromosomes.

Question 6

What are the three stages of interphase?

Answer 6

1. G1= cell growth
2. S= DNA replication
3. G2= cell function & error check

Question 7

What are the two stages of mitotic period?

Answer 7

1. Mitosis
2. Cytokinesis

Question 8

What is centromere?

Answer 8

Area where sister chromatids attach.

Question 9

What is kinetochore?

Answer 9

Disk shape proteins that hold chromatids together at centromere.

Question 10

What is a chromatid?

Answer 10

One single strand of compressed chromatin.

Question 11

What is a centriole?

Answer 11

Cylindrical organelle that organizes microtubule spindle fibres.

Question 12

What is centrosome?

Answer 12

Composed of 2 centrioles, creates the spindle fibres.

Question 13

When are chromatids formed?

Answer 13

Chromatids are formed in S stage of interphase.

Question 14

How to tell plant cell mitosis apart from animal cell mitosis? (2 features)

Answer 14

1. Plant cell will have cellular plate formation in telophase, plant cell unable to create cleavage furrow
2. Plant cells lack centrosome.

Question 15

During which phase will you find the most amount of DNA?

Answer 15

G2 after DNA replication is complete.

Question 16

How many sister chromatids are found in early telophase?

Answer 16

0, chromatids have not decompressed from chromosome formation yet in EARLY telophase.

Question 17

When do microtubules form?

Answer 17

G2 stage of interphase.

Question 18

When is a chromatid considered a chromosome?

Answer 18

Once sister chromatids are pulled apart in anaphase, each one is now considered a chromosome.

Question 19

What is apoptosis?

Answer 19

Process of programmed cell death in cases of errors.

Question 20

What is metastasis?

Answer 20

The spread of malignant cancer cells.

Question 21

When does a cell become cancerous/malignant?

Answer 21

When it is able to metastize or spread to new areas.

Question 22

When do the 3 error checkpoints happen?

Answer 22

G1, G2, M.