Lab 1 Test

Question 1

Cultural Characteristics

Answer 1

refers to how microorganisms appear on media

Question 2

Filiform

Answer 2

uniform looking slant

Question 3

Echinulate

Answer 3

Toothy uniform slant

Question 4

Beaded

Answer 4

uniform with beads straying at the top

Question 5

Effuse

Answer 5

spreading clumps

Question 6

Arborescent

Answer 6

A little tree-like

Question 7

Rhizoid

Answer 7

very tree like

Question 8

Ring

Answer 8

Growth on sides but not center, like a donut

Question 9

Pellicle

Answer 9

thicker growth as a layer on top, if it is thin it is membranous

Question 10

Membranous

Answer 10

growth as a very thin layer on top

Question 11

Flocculent

Answer 11

Floating clumps on surface

Question 12

Turbid

Answer 12

cloudy subsurface growth

Question 13

Granular

Answer 13

small discrete particles are seen (like salt in water)

Question 14

Flocculent

Answer 14

floating clumps of bacteria

Question 15

Flakey

Answer 15

large particles (flakes) are seen

Question 16

Viscid

Answer 16

thick and sticky

Question 17

Sabouraud agar

Answer 17

is good for fungal growth

Question 18

Nutrient agar

Answer 18

is good for bacterial growth

Question 19

Basic dyes

Answer 19

like methylene blue are positive and thus stick to negatively charged bacteria cell walls.

Question 20

Common Basic Dyes

Answer 20

methylene blue, crystal violet, safranin, and malachite green

Question 21

Acidic dyes

Answer 21

like eosin, contain negatively charged color-bearing ions and will not stick to bacteria

Question 22

Common Acidic Dyes

Answer 22

Indian ink, congo red, nigrosoine, eosin

Question 23

Ocular lens

Answer 23

eye piece

Question 24

Body tube

Answer 24

in between ocular lens and objective lens

Question 25

Coarse focusing knob

Answer 25

more general focus

Question 26

Fine focusing knob

Answer 26

more finer focus

Question 27

Objective Lenses

Answer 27

primary lens that magnify the specimen

Question 28

Stage

Answer 28

holds slide in position

Question 29

Condenser Focuses

Answer 29

focuses light through the specimen right below stage

Question 30

Diaphragm

Answer 30

controls the amount of light entering the condenser

Question 31

Simple staining

Answer 31

only uses one basic stain, procedure consists of taking the slide, drowning it in methylene blue for 1 minute then washing it off and blotting

Question 32

Gram staining

Answer 32

separate gram negative and gram positive bacteria, with gram positive being vulnerable to antibiotics Gram positive turn purple after decoloring and gram negative lose their color So if you want to see gram negative they are counter stained with safranin to look pink Heat fix → Crystal violet (both turn purple) → iodine both stay purple (it is used as mordant by fixing the crystal violet onto it)→ Alcohol acetone gram negatives are now colorless → safranin gram-negatives turn pink

Question 33

Acid-fast

Answer 33

mainly used for identification of the medically important microorganisms, like he agents that cause tuberculosis and leprosy Cover smear with carbolfuchsin→ decolorize with acd alcohol → counterstain with methylene blue → blot dry

Question 34

Capsular staining-

Answer 34

used to view a gelatinous coat called a CAPSULE that is comprised of glycoproteins or polypeptides. What makes this special is because we use negative staining and stain the background as contrast nigrosine to stain background → add your sample → crystal violet for the capsule viewing

Question 35

Schaeffer-Fulton Endospore staining

Answer 35

used to view endospores Prepped smear of sample , then place over boiling water while having malachite green , then cool and wash to counterstain with safranin The spores contain the green while the cells are pink

Question 36

Dorner Endospore staining

Answer 36

Add drops of water onto a slide and introduce your sample , add 5 drops of carbolfuchsin and boil for 5 min, then mix onto a slide with nigrosin, use a spreader slide.

Question 37

Peritrichous

Answer 37

bunch of tails all over the place

Question 38

Lophotrichous

Answer 38

a bunch of flagella coming from one side

Question 39

Monotrichous

Answer 39

one flagella

Question 40

Amphitrichous

Answer 40

one flagella on each side