lab 2 Flashcards
1
Q
smooth rounded process of forming joint
A
condyle
2
Q
opening in the body that’s shaped like a crack or cleft, and is usually found between separate anatomical structures
A
fissure
3
Q
depression
A
fossa
4
Q
rounded opening
A
foramen
5
Q
sticks out
A
process
6
Q
longer passageway
A
canal
7
Q
opening to a canal
A
meatus
8
Q
body part that bulges out
A
protuberance
9
Q
have a shaft & 2 enlarged ends
A
long bones
10
Q
usually cube shaped
A
short bones
11
Q
short bones that form within tendons
A
sesamoid bones
12
Q
usually thin, curved + flattened
A
flat bones
13
Q
complicated shapes that do not match the other categories
A
irregular bones
14
Q
hardened minerals + collagen fibers
A
matrix
15
Q
broken bone breaks through the skin
A
open compound
16
Q
broken bone doesn’t break through the skin
A
closed (simple) fracture
17
Q
shattered into smaller pieces
A
comminuted
18
Q
crack, along one side of diaphysis
A
greenstick fracture
19
Q
a break in a skull bone that pushes part of the bone closer to the brain
A
depressed fracture
20
Q
carpals
A
short bone
21
Q
humerus
A
long bone
22
Q
vertebra
A
irregular bone
23
Q
patella
A
sesamoid bone
24
Q
sternum
A
flat bone
25
shaft of a long bone
diaphysis
26
bands of diving hyaline cartilage
epiphyseal plate
27
filled adipose tissue
marrow cavity
28
dense outer layer of bone
compact
29
covers ends of long bones
articular cartilage
30
house red bone marrow
spongy
31
end of long bone
epiphysis
32
lines the medullary cavity
endosteum
33
osteocytes are primarily housed within ______ in the compact bone
lacunae
34
given that O2 + nutrients are unable to diffuse efficiently through the hardened mineralized extracellular matrix of compact bone, how do osteocytes survive
receive nutrients through channels
35
house osteocytes (space btw rings of the bone & matrix)
lacunae
36
canals (for nutrients to each bone cells)
canaliculi
37
painful inflammation of air cells in mastoid process
mastoiditis
38
how many facial bones in the skull
14
39
dislocation of the TMJ is always ___ b/c the condylar process of the mandible slide forward oar the articular tubercle of the temporal bone & cannot return into the articular fossa
anterior
40
surgical procedure in which the cartilage and/or bones of the nose are alerted -- "nose job"
rhinoplasty
41
tissue that connect the bones of the skull
sutures
42
which skill bones contain paranasal sinus? what are the functions of these sinuses?
The paranasal sinuses are found in the frontal, maxilla, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones of the skull. Their functions include lightening the skull, warming and humidifying air, enhancing voice resonance, and trapping pathogens.
A sinus headache is painful due to inflammation and mucus buildup, which increases pressure in the sinuses and irritates nearby nerves, causing intense discomfort in areas like the forehead, eyes, and cheeks.
43
- frontal
- sphenoid
- maxillary
- zygomatic
- palatine
- ethmoid
- lacrimal
bones that make up the orbit
44
rounded bony process that can be palpated behind the ear
mastoid process
45
foramen magnum located in ?
occipital bone
46
cranial suture separates the parietal bone
sagittal suture
47
optic canal located in which bone the skull
sphenoid
48
brevis
short
49
straight (muscle)
rectus
50
origins are at the sternum + clavicle, insertions is on the mastoid process
sternocleidomastoid
51
moves the scalp posteriorly + inferior
occipitalis
52
raises eyebrows
frontalis
53
closes eye
orbicularis oculi
54
purses + protrudes lips (kissing)
orbicilaris oris
55
raise corner of the mouth (smiling) + upper lip exposing teeth (snarling)
zygomaticus major + minor
56
draws corners of mouth laterally "sucking in" cheeks; assists in holding food btw teeth when chewing
buccinator
57
tenses neck skin and depresses mandible; pouting muscle
platysma
58
eye look up
superior rectus
59
eye looks down
inferior rectus
60
eye looks laterally
lateral rectus
61
eye looks down and laterally
superior oblique
62
eye looks up and laterally
inferior oblique
63
elevates the mandible + closes the jaw
masseter + temporalis
64
from internal surface of mandible to base of the tongue; protracts tongue; can depress tongue
genioglossus
65
from styloid process of temporal bone to lateral tongue; retracts and elevates tongue
stylogglossus
66
from hybrid bone to inferior tongue; depresses tongue
hypoglossus
67
located de[[ tp sternocleidomastoid; each elevates 1st + 2nd ribs during inspiration; also flexes neck (bends neck anteriorly)
scalenes
68
extend neck (bends neck posteriorly)
trapezius
69
located Deep to trapezius; bilaterally extends neck (bends head and neck posteriorly); unilaterally rates and laterally flexes neck (turns and bends neck towards side of contraction)
splenius capitis
70
shallow vertical groove on upper lip
philtrum
71
unossified membranes -- soft spots attaching bones of the fetal skull
fontanelle
72
