Lab Final

Question 1

Identify the leukocyte that the pointer is at under the microscope.

Answer 1

Question 2

What blood type is indicated by the presence of Anti-A antibodies and the absence of Anti-B antibodies?

Answer 2

Blood type A

This indicates that the blood sample has A antigens on its surface.

Question 3

What blood type is indicated by the absence of Anti-A antibodies and the presence of Anti-B antibodies?

Answer 3

Blood type B

This indicates that the blood sample has B antigens on its surface.

Question 4

What blood type is indicated by the presence of both Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies?

Answer 4

Blood type O

This indicates that the blood sample has no A or B antigens.

Question 5

What blood type is indicated by the presence of Anti-A antibodies, Anti-B antibodies, and antibodies for Rh factor?

Answer 5

Blood type O negative

This indicates that the blood sample has no A or B antigens and is Rh negative.

Question 6

What is the equation for calculating MAP?
120/87

Answer 6

Mean Arterial Pressure equals Systolic Blood Pressure plus two times Diastolic Blood Pressure divided by three

The formula is MAP = (SBP + 2 * DBP) / 3.

Question 7

Identify the pump for the pulmonary circuit. Write the letter (A, B, C, or D) and the name.

Answer 7

The pump for the pulmonary circuit is the right ventricle.

Question 8

Identify the labeled heart valve.

Answer 8

The labeled heart valve is the pulmonary valve.

Question 9

Identify the labeled blood vessel.

Answer 9

The labeled blood vessel is the pulmonary artery.

Question 10

During what phase of the cardiac cycle are both types of valves closed and the pressure is decreasing rapidly in the ventricle?

Answer 10

Isovolumetric relaxation phase

This phase occurs after the ventricle has ejected blood and before it begins to fill again.

Question 11

Identify the labeled part of the ECG below.

Answer 11

Question 12

What is being recorded during the T wave of the ECG?

Answer 12

Ventricular repolarization

This electrical activity indicates the recovery phase of the ventricles after contraction.

Question 13

In a healthy heart, what should happen mechanically in the heart wall as a result of what was recorded in the labeled part in the ECG?

Answer 13

Ventricular relaxation

This mechanical event is associated with the filling phase of the heart cycle.

Question 14

Identify the labeled muscle.

Answer 14

Question 15

What distributing vessel discussed in lab supplies blood to that labeled muscle?

Answer 15

Distributing vessel name.

Question 16

Where does blood go next after exiting the femoral artery on its way to the lower leg?

Answer 16

Popliteal artery

Question 17

Identify the type of tooth that is labeled on the skull.

Answer 17

The labeled tooth is a specific type of tooth, such as an incisor, canine, premolar, or molar.

Question 18

What is the specific function of that labeled tooth?

Answer 18

The specific function of the labeled tooth varies by type; for example, incisors are used for cutting, canines for tearing, and molars for grinding.

Question 19

Calculate the inspiratory reserve volume using the spirometer reading.

Answer 19

Show your math work!

Question 20

Define residual volume.

Answer 20

Residual volume is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a inhalation

Question 21

What type of tissue allowed you to determine what zone the structure is?.

Answer 21

The type of tissue observed can indicate whether the structure is part of the conducting or respiratory zone.

Question 22

Identify the labeled region of the stomach.

Answer 22

The labeled region of the stomach is the fundus.

Question 23

What type of epithelium is found in the stomach?

Answer 23

The type of epithelium found in the stomach is simple columnar epithelium.

Question 24

What macromolecule is first being chemically digested in the stomach?

Answer 24

The macromolecule first being chemically digested in the stomach is proteins.

Question 25

What part of the large intestine is labeled on the digestive tract model?

Answer 25

Question 26

What abdominal distributing vessel supplies blood to that part of the digestive tract?

Answer 26

Question 27

What is the name of the blood vessel that is bringing nutrient rich blood from the small intestine to the liver?

Answer 27

The hepatic portal vein. ## Footnote The merging of the splenic and superior mesenteric vein forms this blood vessel.

Question 28

Identify the labeled structure of the portal triad that the microscope pointer is at?

Answer 28

Question 29

Define what a portal system is in circulation.

Answer 29

A portal system is a vascular system that directs blood from one capillary bed to another before it returns to the heart.

Question 30

Identify the layer of the digestive wall that the pointer is at?

Answer 30

Question 31

What part of the digestive tract (gross anatomical structure) are you looking at under the microscope?

Answer 31

The gross anatomical structure being examined under the microscope.

Question 32

How do you know that is the gross anatomical structure that you are looking at?

Answer 32

Identification is based on specific characteristics and features observed.

Question 33

What part of the small intestine is labeled on the digestive tract model?

Answer 33

Question 34

What is the primary function of that region of the small intestines?

Answer 34

B. Absorption ## Footnote The primary function of that region is to absorb nutrients.

Question 35

What is a function of the urinary system?

Answer 35

The urinary system is responsible for the elimination of waste products from the body and the regulation of water and electrolyte balance.

Question 36

What type of epithelium is only located in the urinary system?

Answer 36

Transitional epithelium is the type of epithelium only located in the urinary system.

Question 37

Identify the labeled blood vessel on the kidney model.

Answer 37

The labeled blood vessel is the renal artery.

Question 38

Where does blood go after exiting that labeled blood vessel?

Answer 38

After exiting the renal artery, blood goes to the kidneys.

Question 39

Where does filtrate go after it leaves the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 39

Filtrate goes to the loop of Henle.

Question 40

Identify the labeled organ of the urinary system?

Answer 40

The labeled organ of the urinary system is the kidney.

Question 41

What is the function of that labeled organ?

Answer 41

The function of the kidney is to filter blood and produce urine.

Question 42

What is the labeled organ of the urinary system?

Answer 42

The labeled organ of the urinary system is the kidney.

Question 43

Pick a layer within the adrenal cortex

Answer 43

## Footnote Zona Glomerulosa: Aldosterone, Zona Fasciculata: Cortisol, Zona Reticularis: Androgens

Question 44

What hormone does the labeled layer that you picked secrete?

Answer 44

## Footnote Zona Glomerulosa: Aldosterone, Zona Fasciculata: Cortisol, Zona Reticularis: Androgens

Question 45

What is the function of that hormone?

Answer 45

Function of the hormone based on the layer chosen ## Footnote Aldosterone: Regulates sodium and potassium balance, Cortisol: Regulates metabolism and stress response, Androgens: Influence sexual development and function

Question 46

Define tropic hormone.

Answer 46

A tropic hormone is a hormone that stimulates other glands to release hormones.

Question 47

Name one tropic hormone.

Answer 47

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Question 48

For the tropic hormone that you named, state what its target is and what that target secretes when activated by that tropic hormone.

Answer 48

The target of ACTH is the adrenal cortex, which secretes cortisol when activated by ACTH.

Question 49

What is the primary function of that region of the small intestines?

Answer 49

B. Absorption ## Footnote The primary function of that region is absorption.

Question 50

What gland are you looking at under the microscope?

Answer 50

The pancreas.

Question 51

What hormone does the pancreas secrete to increase blood glucose levels?

Answer 51

Glucagon.

Question 52

What is the target organ of glucagon?

Answer 52

The liver.

Question 53

How does the liver respond to glucagon to bring blood glucose levels back to normal?

Answer 53

The liver releases glucose into the bloodstream.

Question 54

What label is pointing at a nephron structure where filtration occurs? WRITE LETTER & NAME STRUCTURE

Answer 54

Label A - Glomerulus ## Footnote Filtration occurs at the glomerulus.

Question 55

What type of nephron is most prevalent in humans?

Answer 55

Cortical nephron ## Footnote Cortical nephrons make up about 85% of nephrons in humans.

Question 56

Identify the labeled endocrine gland in the image.

Answer 56

The specific endocrine gland is not provided in the text.

Question 57

What hormone does that gland secrete?

Answer 57

The specific hormone secreted by the gland is not provided in the text.

Question 58

What is the function of that hormone?

Answer 58

The specific function of the hormone is not provided in the text.

Question 59

What male reproductive cell produces testosterone?

Answer 59

Leydig cells produce testosterone.

Question 60

What cell within the testes is responsive to follicle stimulating hormone?

Answer 60

Sertoli cells are responsive to follicle stimulating hormone.

Question 61

As sperm is traveling through the male reproductive system, where does it travel after exiting the efferent ductule?

Answer 61

After exiting the efferent ductule, sperm travels to the epididymis.

Question 62

Identify the labeled structure on the male reproductive system model.

Answer 62

Labeled structure 1 ## Footnote Example: Testis

Question 63

Identify the labeled structure on the male reproductive system model.

Answer 63

Labeled structure 2 ## Footnote Example: Epididymis

Question 64

Identify the labeled structure on the male reproductive system model.

Answer 64

Labeled structure 3 ## Footnote Example: Vas deferens

Question 65

Identify the follicle that the pointer is at?

Answer 65

The specific follicle indicated by the pointer.

Question 66

What is the name of the egg cell within that follicle?

Answer 66

The egg cell within that follicle is called an oocyte.

Question 67

What did you learn from the research on the female reproductive system?

Answer 67

I learned about the various functions and structures involved in the female reproductive system. ## Footnote This includes understanding the roles of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.

Question 68

What is a related question to A&P II lab topics?

Answer 68

Can you explain the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle? ## Footnote This involves discussing the roles of estrogen and progesterone.

Question 69

Name a hormone that was not on this exam.

Answer 69

Answer not provided.

Question 70

What is the function of that hormone?

Answer 70

Function not provided.

Question 71

What is the name of the structure in the ovary that secretes progesterone?

Answer 71

The corpus luteum.

Question 72

What does the corpus luteum become if a woman doesn't get pregnant?

Answer 72

It becomes the corpus albicans.

Question 73

What is the functional layer of the uterus?

Answer 73

The endometrium.

Question 74

Identify the female reproductive system structure.

Answer 74

The female reproductive system includes structures such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.