Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

(91 cards)

1
Q

Where is the progesterone receptor gene

A

Uterus

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2
Q

What is the estrogen response element

A

The release of estrogen triggers the release of progesterone

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3
Q

What is the progesterone response element

A

Prohibits the translation of the estrogen receptor gene

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4
Q

What type of dissection sections appear in a circular shape

A

Cross section

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5
Q

What is eosin

A

A negatively charged acidic dye that stains the cytoplasm typically appear in red or pink

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6
Q

What is hematoxylin

A

A basic dye that stans the nucleus typically appear in purplish blue

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7
Q

What is the function and location of simple squamous epithelium cells

A

Allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration and secretes lubricating substances found in air sacs and the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

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8
Q

What is the function and location of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Secretes and absorbs found in ducts, small glands, and kidney tubules

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9
Q

What is the function and location of simple columnar epithelium

A

Absorbs and secretes mucous and enzymes found in bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus, GIT, and bladder

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10
Q

What is the function and location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Secretes mucus and ciliated tissue moves mucus found in the trachea and URT

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11
Q

What is the function and location of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Protects agains abrasion found in esphagus, mouth, and vagina

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12
Q

What is the function and location of stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Protective tissue found in sweat glands, salivary glands, and mammary glands

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13
Q

What is the function and location of stratified columnar epithelium

A

Secretes and protects found in male urethra and ducts of some glands

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14
Q

What is the function and location of transitional epithelium

A

Allows urinary organs to expand and stretch found in bladder, urethra, and ureters

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15
Q

What is a physical difference btw a follicle and a CL

A

A follicle has a fluid filled cavity

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16
Q

What is the tunica dartos muscle

A

Located near the the smooth muscle of the scrotum it regulates the temp of the testicles which promotes spermatogenesis

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17
Q

What is the stratum subdarticum

A

Loosely woven layer of white connective tissue btw tunica dartos and tunica vaginalis parietal

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18
Q

What is the visceral vaginal tunic

A

Covers the testis and epididymis

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19
Q

What is the parietal vaginal tunic

A

Covering the inner aspect of the scrotal wall

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20
Q

What is the rete testis

A

Located in the hilum of the testicle that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the efferent ducts

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21
Q

What is the cremaster muscle

A

Surrounds the testis assisting in thermoregulation of the testis by pulling the testis in and out of the body

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22
Q

What is the ductus deferens

A

A muscular tube that is located w/in the spermatic cord that transports spermatozoa from the ejaculatory ducts

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23
Q

What is the vesicular glands

A

Located behind the bladder that produce seminal fluid

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24
Q

What is the prostate gland

A

Located below the bladder that produce seminal fluid

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25
What is the bulbourethral gland
Located behind and outside the membranous urethra that lubricates the urethra for passage of ejaculate
26
What is the urethralis muscle
It surrounds the urethra controls involuntary urine flow from the bladder
27
What is ischiocavernous muscle
Located in the superficial perineal space that closes the crura stopping blood flow to the penis and increases the BP in the penis
28
What is the bulbocavernous muscle
Located in the perineum of the testis that pushes semen thru the penis to the outside world
29
What is the colliculus seminalis
Located near the urethral crest that prevents oozing of semen
30
What is the bulb of urethra
Located above the testicles to maintain the urinary continence during physical exercise
31
What is the sigmoid flexure
The s shaped that straightened out when there is an erection
32
What is the corpus cavernosum penis
The erectile tissue of the penis
33
What is the corpus spongiosum urethra
Surrounds the urethra preventing the urethra from pinching closed and can be filled by blood
34
What is the glans penis
The head/tip of your penis
35
Where does fertilization happens
Ampullary isthmic junction of the oviduct
36
What connects the two uterine horns to each other
Intercornual ligament
37
What is an anatomircal characteristic of a bovine cervix
Cervical rings
38
Where is the blind pouch
Near the cervix is the fornix of the vagina
39
What do female vestibule glands produce
Lubrication and faramones
40
What is the broad ligament
Connects the ovary, cervix, and vagina
41
What is the mesometrium
Attaches the broad ligament to the uterus and supports it
41
What is the mesosalpinx
Attaches the broad ligament to the oviduct and supports it
41
What is the mesovarium
Attaches the broad ligament to the ovary and supports it
41
What hormone does a follicle produce
Estrogen
42
What is formed after the CL
Corpus albicans
43
What is corpus hemorrhagicum
The follicle cavity fills w/ blood after ovulation
44
What hormone does the CL produce
Progesterone
45
What is the widest part of the oviduct
The ampulla
46
What is the purpose of the isthmus
The narrowness of the isthmus keeps the egg in longer
47
What is the utero tubal junction
The connection of the uterus and the oviduct
48
What is the endometrium
The inner layer of the uterine horn
49
What is the myometrium
The muscle of the uterine horn
50
What is the perimetrium
The outer covering of the uterine horn
51
What hormone does theca interna produce
Testosterone
52
What is the zona pellucida
The layer that surrounds the oocyte
53
What in the ampulla lumen moves the egg
The ciliated epithelium
54
What is the largest part of the isthmus
The muscular layer
55
What does the uterine gland produce
Secretion known as uterine milk that developes prior to the placenta
56
What happens to the seminiferous degenererates
The leydig cells can grow producing same or more testosterone
57
What is the stereocilia
Moves sperm from the head to the tail and allows sperm to absorb fluid allowing sperm to survive longer and give them more space to swim
58
What process allows me to consistently produce sperm
Spermatigonia
59
What are accessory glands also called
Seminal vesicle
60
What is the erection canal
Pushes blood to the penis
61
What is the uterus in avians also known as
The shell gland
62
What is the function of the indundibulum in the avian reproductive tract
Egg pickup and fertilization
63
What is the function of the magnum in the avian reproductive tract
Albumen secretion
64
What is the function of the Isthmus in the avian reproductive tract
Formation of shell membranes
65
What is the stigma of the avian reproductive tract
Where ovulation occurs
66
What are the different parts of the oviduct in the avian reproductive tract
Infundibulum, magnum, isthmus
67
How is sperm quality affected as they are exposed to a larger quanity of water
Their motility decreases
68
How is sperm quality affected as they are exposed to quanities of procain HCL
Their motility increases
69
How is the sperm quality affected as they are exposed to temperature changes
Their motility decreases
70
What are primary head abnormalities in sperm
Pyriform, round, microcephalic (tiny head), macrocephalic (large head), double, and abnormal acrosome
71
What are primary abnormailities w/ the midpiece of sperm
Kinked (bent), double, swollen, abaxial (not centered)
72
What is a primary tail abnormaility w/ the tail of the sperm
Coiled
73
What are secondary abnormailities
Detached normal heads, proximal protoplasmic droplet, distal protoplasmic droplet, bent tail (folded in half), and detached galea capitis
74
Why is the cervix of the mare tight in diestrus
To prevent infection
75
What is the purpose of good uterine tone in diestrus mares
To prepare for pregnancy
76
What is the best indicator of estrus in mares
abundant edema is the result of high estrogen concentrations
77
After giving prostaglandin F2alpha does a mare go into estrus and ovulate
3-5 days and 6-12 days
78
What is used in semen collection to maintain pressure and temperature
Artificial vagina
79
What is progressive motility (PM)
Estimate percentage of sperm moving in straight line
80
What is total motility
Estimate percentage of sperm moving in any direction
81
How do you calculate the average PMS
Take the volume of sperm and multiple it by the concentration the multiply that number by PM
82
What does the densimeter do
It measures by passing light through formalin/semen mixture & estimating concentration based off of number of large cells in sample this tends to be overestimated
83
What does the hemocytometer
Loads specialized slide w/ formalin/semen mixture & count individual sperm cells w/ microscope this method is more accurate
84
How much sperm needs to be deposited in a mare to achieve good fertility
500 X 10^6
85
What is foal heat
The first heat cycle after a mare foals and typically occurs 5-15 days postpartum typically lasting 5 days
86
Can mares concieve during foal heat
yes its fertile estrus
87
What is pneumovagina
Wind sucking is irritated of vaginal mucosa, presence of airborne or fecal contaminants, and causes changes in pH of genital secretions causing infertility
88
How is pneumovagina corrected
W/ caslicks operation such as episioplasty or vulvoplasty