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Microbiology > Lab Practical > Flashcards

Lab Practical Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

direct ELISA

A

tests antibody specificity

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2
Q

indirect ELISA

A

tests for presence of antibody in sample

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3
Q

ELISA

A

Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay

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4
Q

primary antibody

A

binds to antigen

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5
Q

secondary antibody

A

binds to primary antibody

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6
Q

what causes a color change in ELISA

A

when antigen, primary antibody, and secondary antibody are all bound

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7
Q

HIV test design

A

looks for presence of anti-HIV antibodies in a patients serum

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8
Q

HIV positive

A
  • color change
  • anti-HIV antibodies from patient complex with HIV antigens on test
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9
Q

HIV negative

A
  • no color change
  • no antibodies present in serum to bind to antigens
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10
Q

pregnancy test design

A

detect the presence of hCG

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11
Q

pregnancy test test site

A
  • coated with anti-hCG antibodies
  • bind to hCG (antigen)
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12
Q

pregnancy test control site

A
  • coated with unlabeled antibodies
  • unspecifically binds
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13
Q

blood typing design

A

identifies red blood cell antigens to determine blood type

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14
Q

what causes agglutination in blood typing

A

RBC surface antigen binds to antibody (anti-antigen)
ex. B surface antigen binds to anti-B antibody

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15
Q

blood type A agglutination

A

mixed with anti-A

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16
Q

blood type B aggnualtion

A

mixed with anti-B

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17
Q

blood type AB agglutination

A

mixed with anti-A and anti-B

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18
Q

blood type O agglutination

A

NONE

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19
Q

titer

A
  • determines the greatest dilution in which an antibody recognizes an antigen
  • last tube to give agglutination
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20
Q

selective media

A

selects for growth of a particular type/species of bacteria and restricts other bacteria

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21
Q

differential media

A

configured to yield a particular, observable characteristic associated with the growth of certain types of bacteria

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22
Q

what shows separation of mixed colonies to pure colonies

A

when colonies are the same size but have different growth colors

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23
Q

media that has the least amount of nutrients

A
  • least amount of growth
  • M9
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24
Q

media that has the most amount of nutrients

A
  • most growth
  • brain-heart infusion
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25
gram negative stain
pink
26
gram positive stain
purple
27
total magnification
magnification of objective lens x magnification of ocular lens
28
catalase test design
tests if gram-positive bacteria use the catalase enzyme during metabolism
29
catalase enzyme mechanism
breaks down hydrogen peroxide to gas and water
30
catalase test positive
colony bubbles upon addition of hydrogen peroxide
31
catalase test negative
colony does not bubble upon addition of hydrogen peroxide
32
mannitol salt plate design
- selects for gram-positive bacteria that ferments mannitol - bacteria that ferments mannitol grows yellow
33
blood agar plate design
tests for production of hemolysins in gram-positive bacteria
34
alpha hemolysis pattern
partial lysis, green
35
beta hemolysis pattern
full lysis, clearing of media
36
gamma hemolysis pattern
no lysis, other growth
37
cell bound coagulase test
- tests for presence of coagulase enzyme bound to cells - on slide
38
cell bound coagulase positive
- clot formation - coagulase present
39
cell bound coagulase negative
- no clot formation - coagulase not present
40
cell free coagulase test
- detects free and unbound coagulase - test tube
41
cell free coagulase positive
clot formation, coagulase present
42
cell free coagulase negative
no clot formation, no coagulase present
43
triple sugar iron slants
- differential growth media - contains lactose, sucrose, and glucose
44
TSI agar turns yellow at bottom of tube
bacteria only ferments glucose
45
TSI slant turns completely yellow
bacteria ferments all carbohydrates
46
black precipitate formation on TSI agar
bacteria can reduce sulfur
47
bubble formation in TSI agar
bacteria can produce gas
48
urease test design
tests the rate in which an organism can degrade urea using the urease enzyme
49
urease test positve
- color change to hot pink - fast urea degradation - ammonia is present in media
50
urease test negative
- little to no color change from yellow media - no/slow urea degradation
51
MacConkey agar design
differentiates gram-negative bacteria based on ability to ferment lactose
52
MacConkey agar positive
- pink/purple growth - can ferment lactose
53
MacConkey agar negative
- no color change - cannot ferment lactose
54
oxidase test design
tests for presence of cytochrome c oxidase enzyme
55
oxidase test positive
- colony color changes to purple - contains cytochrome c oxidase enzyme
56
oxidase test negative
- no colony color change - no enzyme
57
indole test design
- tests for presence of tryptophanase enzyme - indole byproduct of breakdown
58
indole test positive
- media color change to cherry red - indole byproduct present - tryptophanase enzyme present
59
indole test negative
- no color change - no indole byproduct - no tryptophanase enzyme
60
methyl red test design
- identifies glucose metabolism end-product acidity - acidic environment turns pH indicator red
61
methyl-red test positive
- red color change - low pH
62
methyl-red test negative
- yellow - neutral pH
63
vogues-proskauer test design
- tests for presence of acetoin from breakdown of glucose during 2,3-butanediol fermentation - acetoin turns baritts reagent a deep rose color
64
vogues-proskauer positive
deep rose color, acetoin present
65
vogues-proskauer negative
no color change (DARK red), acetoin not present
66
citrate utilization test design
- determines of citrate is used as a sole carbon source - CO2 byproduct reacts with ammonium and produces sodium carbonate to make color change
67
citrate utilization positive
- deep blue color - utilizes citrate
68
citrate utilization negative
- green color - does not utilize citrate
69
obligate aerobe growth
only at top of tube
70
obligate anaerobe growth
only at bottom of tube
71
microaerophile growth
small growth at middle of tube
72
aerotolerant anaerobe growth
even growth throughout tube
73
facultative anaerobe growth
heavy growth at top, dispersed throughout rest of tube
74
kirby-bauer test
- filter disc paper infused with specific drug to test bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics - measure zone of inhibition

Microbiology (10 decks)

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